دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین پروتئین ایزوله سویا از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
درمان شیمیایی و خصوصیات کاه سویا و پروتئین ایزوله سویا / فیلم های کامپوزیت کاه
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Chemical treatment and characterization of soybean straw and soybean protein isolate/straw composite films
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله پروتئین ایزوله سویا اینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Soybean is a significant agricultural commodity in the Brazilian economy (Milazzo, Spina, Cavallaro, & Bart, 2013). The 2015/2016 harvest placed Brazil as the second largest world producer of soybean (about 30% of the global production) (CONAB, 2015). Unfortunately, grain threshing generates a huge amount of soybean straw. According to Bose and Martins Filho (1984), the soybean/straw ratio statistically varies from 1:1.2 to 1:1.5 t/ha, which means that about 104 to 130 million tons/year of straw originates from the Brazilian soybean harvest alone (FAOSTAT, 2016). The soybean straw consists of stems, leaves, and pods. The average composition of this material includes 35% cellulose, 21% insoluble lignin, 17% hemicelluloses, 11% ash, 1% acid soluble lignin, and remaining constituents such as protein, pectin, and glucuronic acidsubstitutes (Cabrera et al., 2015; Wan, Zhou, & Li, 2011). Soybean straw is usually disposed as waste through landfilling, incineration, or dumping. Some studies have suggested that soybean straw could be used as raw material to produce polymer and soluble sugars (Cabrera et al., 2015; Wan et al., 2011; Xu, Wang, Jiang, Yang, & Ji, 2007) or as a natural source to obtain fibers via alkali and acid treatments (Reddy & Yang, 2009). Various physical, chemical, and enzymatic treatments can enhance the biodegradability and digestibility of soybean straw (Cabrera et al., 2015; Khorvas, Kargar, Yalchi, & Ghorbani, 2010). Application of chemical treatments before enzymatic hydrolysis removes amorphous components like lignin and hemicellulose, thereby increasing the porosity of the material and facilitating further defibrillation and extraction of fibers (Yue et al., 2015). Chemical treatments include reactions with ozone, alkali, acid, peroxide, or other organic solvents (Oh et al., 2015). The pulp industry has traditionally delignified lignocellulose via bleaching with sodium chlorite. However, environmental concerns have led the industry to replace bleaching with sodium chlorite with more environmentally friendly methods such as thermochemical reactions that use oxygen (Kafle et al., 2015) and hydrogen peroxide (Andrade-Mahecha, Pelissari, Tapia-Blácido, & Menegalli, 2015; Zeronian & Inglesby, 1995). According to Khorvash et al. (2010), treatment with H2O2 improves the in vitro digestibility of soybean straw as compared to NaClO2-based treatments. Depending on the size of the generated soybean fibers, they can serve as reinforcement fillers during formation of biocomposite matrixes. Biomaterials based on renewable resources, such as proteins and polysaccharides, can be potentially processed into films for food or biomedical applications. In particular, soy protein isolate (SPI), which can be produced by casting (Denavi et al., 2009), extrusion, or injection molding (Calabria et al., 2012; Chan, Lim, Barbut, & Marcone, 2014; Garrido, Penalba, ˜ de la Caba, & Guerrero, 2016), is an attractive sustainable “green polymer” with good film-forming ability. Nevertheless, SPI films have low strength and absorb a high amount of moisture, which limits their applications. Three methods can help to overcome these limitations and to improve the properties of SPI films, namely cross-linking (González, Strumia, & Alvarez Igarzabal, 2011; Xu et al., 2015), blending with a polymer to form a soy-based plastic (Calabria et al., 2012; Kim & Netravali, 2012; Saenghirunwattana, Noomhorm, & Rungsardthong, 2014; Won, Lee, Jin, & Lee, 2015), and addition of reinforcing fillers (Husseinsyah, Yeng, Kassim, Zakaria, & Ismail, 2014; Lodha & Netravali, 2002; Siro & Plackett, 2010). Micro- and nanosized fibers have by far been the most cited reinforcement fillers in the literature (Chan et al., 2014; Chen, Zhang, Peng, & Liao, 2006; Jensen, Lim, Barbut, & Marcone, 2015; Saenghirunwattana et al., 2014; Satyanarayana,Arizaga, &Wypych, 2009; Wang, Cao, & Zhang, 2006; Wei, Fan, Huang, & Chen, 2006). Hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions are the driving forces behindthe establishment of anetwork betweenfibers andproteins; these interactions improve the mechanical and water resistance properties of composite films (Jensen et al., 2015; Sun, Chen, Liu, Li, & Yu, 2015; Saenghirunwattana et al., 2014; Wang et al., 2006). There are few reports on the characterization and use of chemically treated soybean straw as reinforcing filler in SPI films. The present study aimed to evaluate (1) how four different sequences of chemical treatment with alkali and bleaching affect the structure and composition ofthe soybean straw and (2) how the incorporation of treated fibers as reinforcing fillers into soy protein films influences the mechanical and permeability properties of the resulting film.
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله پروتئین ایزوله سویا اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
The Utilization of Soybean Straw. I. Fiber Morphology and Chemical ... ojs.cnr.ncsu.edu › Home › Vol 10, No 2 (2015) › Liu by Z Liu - 2015 - Cited by 4 - Related articles ... Straw. I. Fiber Morphology and Chemical Characteristics. ... To improve basic knowledge of the properties of soybean straw, its fiber ... Its stem and root have more lignin and holocellulose, but less nitrogen and protein contents than the pod. [PDF]peer-review article - NC State University https://www.ncsu.edu/.../BioRes_10_3_5256_Wang_LLL_Frac_Isolation_Struc_Char... by FY Wang - Cited by 1 - Related articles spectral analysis, hemicelluloses from soybean hull were assumed to be ... Hemicelluloses are usually associated with lignin, cellulose, and protein in plant ... components from grasses, cereal straws, and woods, primarily because of the ... Chemical characterization of the lignins of corn and soybean ... - SciELO www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352002000100007 by EOS Saliba - 2002 - Cited by 6 - Related articles Keywords: Lignin, culture residue, chemical characterization, corn residue, soybean ... Wheat straw is probably one of the lowest quality although that of barley is slightly better. .... The range of error due to protein presence in KL is appreciable. History of Soybean Crushing: Soy Oil and Soybean Meal (980-2016):: ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1928914896 William Shurtleff; Akiko Aoyagi - 2016 - Soy oil 183): Nutritional value of soy protein. ... A. Characteristics of soy oil: Composition, physical characteristics (p. 535) ... of milk production has been making a study of the use of soybean oil meal, soybean hay, and soybean straw for dairy cattle. History of Natto and Its Relatives (1405-2012) https://books.google.com/books?isbn=192891442X William Shurtleff, Akiko Aoyagi - 2012 - Fermented soyfoods Special characteristics and problems of using soybeans for food (p. ... 70% soy protein powder, soy protein curds, soy protein isolate, surimi gel, spun soy ... At first it was made by wrapping cooked soybeans in rice straw, but since 1920, when ...
