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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
مواد جدید لایه لایه شده گوناگون برای فتوولتائیک
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Novel hetero-bilayered materials for photovoltaics
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Graphene, a single atomic layer of graphite, has generated tremendous excitement since its discovery decade ago [1,2]. It also triggers a boom for other 2D layered materials. 2D layered materials such as graphene, hexagonal BN (h-BN), and transition metal chalcogenides (e.g. GaSe, GaS, MoSe2, and WS2) remain planar as separated simply by the mechanical [3] or liquid-phase exfoliation from their bulk layered solids [4]. The exfoliation is facilitated by the weak interlayer van der Waals (vdW) forces. These 2D layered materials have a broad range of applications, such as field-effect transistors, spin- or valley-tronics, thermoelectrics, topological insulators, and energy conversion and storage [5–8]. As a kind of layered semiconducting material, molybdenum dichalcogenides MoX2 (X = S, Se) have attracted great interest due to a wide range of important properties [9–11]. The monolayer of MoSe2 is composed of three sublayers stacked in the sequence Se–Mo–Se, as shown in Fig. 1c (MoS2 is similar in structure). MoX2 (X = S, Se) undergoes a crossover from indirect to direct gap when going from bilayer to monolayer [12], giving rise to enhancedmonolayer luminescence [13], thus allowing applications such as transistors, photodetectors and electroluminescent devices [11]. On the other hand, layered gallium monochalcogenides GaX (X = S, Se) have also drawn much research attention for their potential applications in fields such as solar energy conversion [14]. Unlike MoX2 monolayer, the monolayer of GaX consists of four sublayers stacked in the sequence X–Ga–Ga–X, as shown in Fig. 1a for GaS monolayer. Experimental efforts have since been carried out to fabricate these GaX in monolayer form, and monolayer GaS and GaSe sheets have already successfully been synthesized [15–18]. Soon after, theoretical calculations have also been undertaken to further understand the electronic and photonic properties of GaX monolayers [19,20]. The GaS monolayer applications in the experiments also include transistors and photodetectors [15–18]. Recently, the possibility to combine various 2D materials in vertical stacks creates a new paradigm in materials science: layered hetero-structures [21]. Those hetero-structures are upheld together by vdW interactions, and thus are called vdW hetero-structures. The hetero-structures have been widely used in conventional semi-conductors for achieving tunable electronic properties [12]. Graphene/h-BN vdW hetero-structures are one of the first research targets due to their commensurate structural parameters and distinct electronic properties, and a rich collection of physics and functionalities have been revealed by both experimental and theoretical investigations [22–26]. Moreover, a variety
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کلمات کلیدی:
Solar Photovoltaic Technology Basics | NREL https://www.nrel.gov/workingwithus/re-photovoltaics.html Learn the basics about solar photovoltaic technology which converts sunlight directly into electricity. Photovoltaic Systems - Renewable Energy World www.renewableenergyworld.com/solar-energy/tech/solarpv.html Photovoltaic (solar cell) Systems content for this section provided in part by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Department of Energy. What is Photovoltaics? - Technology Student www.technologystudent.com/energy1/solar5.htm Photovoltaic cells look similar to solar panels but they work in a different way. Solar panels are use to produce hot water or even steam. Photovoltaic panels ... Photovoltaics | Department of Energy - Energy.gov https://energy.gov/eere/sunshot/photovoltaics The SunShot Initiative supports the research and development of photovoltaic (PV) technologies to improve efficiency and reliability and to lower manufacturing ... Fundamentals of Photovoltaics | Mechanical Engineering | MIT ... https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/.../2-627-fundamentals-of-photovoltaics-fall-2013/ Fundamentals of photoelectric conversion: charge excitation, conduction, separation, and collection. Lectures cover commercial and emerging photovoltaic ... ENGINEERING.com | Photovoltaics www.engineering.com/SustainableEngineering/.../Photovoltaics/tabid/.../Default.aspx ENGINEERING.com takes a look at photovoltaics and how the sun's energy can be harnessed as light or heat by using the photovoltaic effect. We also ... Searches related to photovoltaics photovoltaic definition how do photovoltaic cells work photovoltaic pronunciation photovoltaic cell working principle photovoltaic vs solar photovoltaic cell pdf photovoltaic cells for sale photovoltaic effect
