دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین رشد باکتری و قارچ در بستر گیاه از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
رشد باکتری و قارچ بر روی بستر های گیاهی مختلف در خاک مدیترانه: تاثیر نسبت C/N و pH خاک
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Bacterial and fungal growth on different plant litter in Mediterranean soils: Effects of C/N ratio and soil pH
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله رشد باکتری و قارچ در بستر گیاه اینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
In the Mediterranean region, forests cover an area of over 85 million ha (estimated in 2010; FAO, 2010). Trees affect the soil environment in several ways through litter fall, labile C input, rhizodeposition, root turnover and effects on soil microclimate (Eviner and Chapin, 2003). Especially the quality of litter associated with different tree species influences the microbial community (Thoms et al., 2010; Aponte et al., 2014), since leaf litter is the main energy and nutrient source for soil microorganisms. Different microbial communities were also reported in soil under different tree species (Hackl et al., 2005; Thoms et al., 2010; Schweitzer et al., 2011). Bacteria and fungi are the main decomposer groups involved in the recycle of soil organic matter. The environmental factors determining the importance of these two groups during decomposition processes are not completely understood, although for example the canonical effect of pH has been studied recently (Rousk and Bååth, 2011), with low pH being more conducive for fungal growth. The chemical composition of the substrate (e.g. the C/N ratio) is also predicted to be of importance, with higher C/N ratio of the litter being more conducive for fungal growth due to fungal hyphae having a higher C/N ratio than bacterial cells (Paustian and Schnürer, 1987; Bakken, 1985; Wallander et al., 2003) and the potential to translocate N to overcome limitation (Frey et al., 2003). However, N availability in itself is not always enough to explain differential growth of fungi and bacteria on plant litter, as shown by Rousk and Bååth (2007) after adding extra N to litter with originally different C/N content, suggesting that other chemical and physical conditions of different litter types will be of importance. Growth of fungi and bacteria during decomposition has mostly been studied on fairly easily available substrates, like glucose (Meidute e al., 2008; Reischke et al., 2014), manure (Maienza et al., 2014) or alfalfa and straw (Rousk and Bååth, 2007). Few studies have been focused on comparing different leaf litter (Rousk and Bååth, 2011). The aim of our study was to investigate the influences of different litter types on fungal and bacterial growth in two forest soils, differing in pH. For this purpose, leaf litters belonging to three different Mediterranean forest systems (beech, holm oak and turkey oak forests) were added to two soils (beech and holm oak) from the same mountain area. Straw and alfalfa were also included * Corresponding author. as litter treatments having very different C/N ratios. Bacterial andfungal growth rate was measured over time using radioactive tracer incorporation techniques (leucine incorporation and acetate into ergosterol incorporation for bacteria and fungi, respectively) and compared with total activity (respiration) and changes in total biomass (SIR). We hypothesized that fungal growth would be relatively more important than bacterial growth in the soil with lower pH, as well on litter types with higher C/N ratio.
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله رشد باکتری و قارچ در بستر گیاه اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
Bacterial and fungal growth on different plant litter in Mediterranean soils www.zoodyab.ir/.../121043-bacterial-and-fungal-growth-on-differe... - Translate this page ... on different plant litter in Mediterranean soils: Effects of C/N ratio and soil pH ... forest soils differing in pH, adding five types of litter varying in C/N ratio from 15 ... effect of different leaf litters on carbon, nitrogen ... - Wiley Online Library onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ldr.2313/pdf Aug 25, 2014 - This study investigates the effect of single leaf litter of Terminalia arjuna (Ta) and Prosopis juliflora .... soils in comparison to litter with high C:N ratio even in ...... efflux and C storage in different Mediterranean agricultural soils. The Influence of Plant Litter on Soil Water Repellency: Insight from ... journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0152565 by G Cesarano - 2016 - Cited by 3 - Related articles Mar 29, 2016 - Here, we investigated the capability of different plant litter types to induce ... but labile C-rich litter, as defined by O-alkyl C and N-alkyl and methoxyl C of ... However, SWR can lead also to positive effects at ecosystem level, being ...... and soil water repellency in different Mediterranean microenvironments. Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9400779399 Mark A. Sutton, Kate E. Mason, Lucy J. Sheppard - 2014 - Science Soils and C. ladanifer's leaves were collected in Spring 2008, while the leaf litter was collected in Summer 2008 (the time of the year when these plants ... 40A and especially the 40AN, suggesting adverse effects at higher N doses. ... C/N ratio (Table 27.1) which were within the range of other Mediterranean soils (Cruz et al. Global Change and Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1461241863 Jose Moreno, Walter C. Oechel - 2012 - Science Therefore, many CO2-controlled experiments showed that in soils with low nitrogen ... compounds will probably limit the CO2 fertilization effect on plant growth. ... In an experiment in progress, litter bags of different C: N ratios, incubated in the ... Handbook of Soil Science - Page B-47 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0849331366 Malcolm E. Sumner - 1999 - Technology & Engineering Included in these residue characteristics are N concentration, C:N ratios, lignin ... In a laboratory incubation experiment, examining the impact of temperature on ... from four types of one-year-old mediterranean ratio of the litter (Cortez et al., ... old Mediterranean deciduous leaf litter as well correlated with the %N, C:N ratio, ...
