دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین جوش شیرین کربنات کلسیم از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
استفاده از جوش شیرین، کربنات کلسیم یا هیدروکسید در سیستم بیوفلوک: کیفیت آب، عملکرد رشد و استرس اکسیداتیو تیلاپیای نیل (Oreochromis niloticus)
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
The utilization of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or hydroxide in biofloc system: water quality, growth performance and oxidative stress of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
سال انتشار : 2017
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
The Nile tilapia production in biofloc technology (BFT) has been well developed due to high productivity, reduction in water consumption and nutrient cycling for bacteria that consumes inorganic nitrogen. For the initial formation of bioflocs, the water is fertilized with organic carbon to the proportion of carbon:nitrogen 15:1, which in turns favors heterotrophic growth (Avnimelech, 1999). Apart from heterotrophic, the BFT system permits the growth of autotrophic bacteria, or also denominated nitrifying bacteria, which are responsible for ammonia oxidation to nitrate. Although the heterotrophic bacteria also consume alkalinity, the autotrophic microorganisms are responsible for higher inorganic carbon consumption on alkalinity forms (Ebeling et al., 2006; Hargreaves, 2013), favoring the reduction of alkalinity and pH during the production cycle. For the pH correction of systems with low water renovation, e.g., recirculation aquaculture systems, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is used. When NaHCO3 dissociates in water, a HCO3 – base is produced. Besides bicarbonate, lime with limestone, which is the trade name of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), has been traditionally used on aquaculture. This has a slow impact on the alkalinity and pH correction and, when diluted in water, reacts with CO2, producing Ca2+ and HCO3 – (Thunjai et al., 2004). A further compound that is utilized is the calcium hydroxide or hydrated lime (Ca(OH)2). In water, this produces the neutralization reaction: Ca(OH)2 + 2H+ → 2H2O + Ca2+, which causes faster pH elevation, mainly when the alkalinity is low. Both carbonate and calcium hydroxide are interesting alternatives to BFT cultivation. This is because they are both sources of Ca2+, which is important to bioflocs for changing composition (Luo et al., 2013) and increasing the sedimentation rate (Peeters et al., 2011). Ca2+ is also important for Nile tilapia to balance relations between the hardness and alkalinity of the water (Cavalcante et al., 2014). In systems, where high stocking density is applied, a strict evaluation of the biochemical and physiological characteristics would optimize the productive performance. Oxidative stress in fish has previously been evaluated as a biomarker for environmental pollution (Monserrat et al., 2007). Indeed, oxidative parameters are also considered important tools in the evaluation of challenged for the cultivation conditions that are related to the feed (Azaza et al., 2015), temperature changes (Castro et al., 2012), ammonia exposure (Hegazi et al., 2010) and other stress sources like the stocking density (Andrade et al., 2015) and pathogens (Ali et al., 2011). An oxidative stress is characterized by a situation where the antioxidant capacity is not able to compete against the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, affecting cellular function by protein, nucleic acids and lipids oxidation (Jones, 2006). Therefore, in order to improve the technical production of BFT, the maintenance of alkalinity is fundamental to avoid pH oscillations, providing a more stable system for bioflocs and the physiologic status of fish. The present study investigated the alkalinity and pH correction on BFT during a nursery of Nile tilapia, utilizing NaHCO3, CaCO3 and Ca(OH)2, it evaluated the water quality, growth, proximate composition of the bioflocs, hematology and oxidative stress of the Nile tilapia
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کلمات کلیدی:
Aquaculture - Terkko Navigator https://www.terkko.helsinki.fi/.../15456628_the-utilization-of-sodiu... Translate this page Oct 5, 2016 - The utilization of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or hydroxide in biofloc system: water quality, growth performance and oxidative stress ... Patent US20040026330 - Process for the utilization of vanadium from ... www.google.com/patents/US20040026330 Feb 12, 2004 - (d) separating the calcium carbonate from the solution of step (c), ... wherein the amount of carbon dioxide or sodium bicarbonate in step (c), ... with sodium carbonate and/or sodium hydroxide and iron oxide (recicled ore ... Vegetable Oil-Based Polymers: Properties, Processing and Applications https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0857097148 Niranjan Karak - 2012 - Technology & Engineering Thus utilisation of such diols in vegetable oil-based epoxy resins may result in similar ... A few of such compounds are sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), potassium ... lithium hydroxide (LiOH), calcium hydroxide (Ca0.5OH), sodium bicarbonate ... Mineral Resources of the United States https://books.google.com/books?id=YlAeAQAAIAAJ 1920 - Mineral industries Sodium carbonate is the principal product of the Inyo Development Co., of Keeler, Cal. ... That the separation and utilization of the several salts occurring in the ... sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium sulphate, calcium carbonate, ... Salt brines are purified by sodium hydroxide produced in them electrolytically, the ... Minerals Yearbook - Page 321 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?id=eo4oAAAAYAAJ 1920 - Mineral industries Sodium carbonate is the principal product of the Inyo Development Co., of Keeler, Cal. ... That the separation and utilization of the soveral salts occurring in the ... sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride, sodium eulphate, calcium carbonate, ... Salt brines are purified by sodium hydroxide produced in them electrolytically, the ...
