دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین جوامع میکروبی خاک به کشت از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
واکنش تابعی جوامع میکروبی خاک به کشت و زرع، گیاهان پوششی و نیتروژن
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Functional response of soil microbial communities to tillage, cover crops and nitrogen fertilization
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله جوامع میکروبی خاک به کشت اینجا کلیک نمایید.
مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Alternative farming practices such as direct seeding mulchbased cropping systems are often employed to reduce the depressive effects of intensive farming on soil fertility. These practices are known to improve ecological relations between plants, soil, and microorganisms (Chaussod 1996; Alvarez et al., 2002; Marinari et al., 2006), while conventional tillage (CT) depletes physico-chemical properties of soil (Chen et al., 2009; Mangalassery et al., 2015). Nevertheless, the response of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as well as microorganisms to different farm management patterns are still poorly understood, being dependent on many factors such as pedoclimate and crop rotation. Furthermore, the combined effects of different agricultural practices on the chemical and biological properties of soil received little attention so far (Acosta-Martinez et al., 2011).Although no-till (NT) with cover crops has been shown to increase soil enzyme activities (SEA), microbial functional diversity (Gomez et al., 2004; Nannipieri and Eldor, 2009; Lagomarsino et al., 2009; Nautiyal et al., 2010; Mangalassery et al., 2015; Mbuthia et al., 2015), and abundance (Mathew et al., 2012), there is still a lack of information for low organic-input cropping systems (Mbuthia et al., 2015), especially for industrial crop rotations. Indeed, C inputs from cover crops and crop residues shift soil moisture (Jordan, 2004; Bayer et al., 2006), temperature (Kladivko, 2001), and pH (Reganold et al., 1987), inducing short- and medium-term responses from microbial communities. These responses result in an increase of SEA such as dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease, with consistent results across subtropical (Staben et al., 1997), semi-arid (Nautiyal et al., 2010), mediterranean (Marinari et al., 2006; Lagomarsino et al., 2009), and temperate (Salinas-Garcia et al., 1997; Grayston et al., 2001) biomes. In addition, cover crops have been shown to induce priming effects in rhizosphere and detritusphere hotspots, by affecting the turnover of the soil organic matter (SOM) (Kuzyakov, 2010; Kuzyakov and Blagodatskaya, 2015), hence altering soil C and N contents. Increased lignin and cellulose contents, C/N ratio, as well as rhizodeposition (i.e. organic compounds released by roots during plant growth) are also considered as main factors affecting microbial communities (Marinari et al., 2000; Kusliene et al., 2014; Bais et al., 2006; Mangalassery et al., 2015). In low organic restitution cropping systems, one of the main challenges is to compensate the low biomass returned by cover crops originated-C and NT system, thus maintaining C and N contents and improving microbial functions (Mbuthia et al., 2015).
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله جوامع میکروبی خاک به کشت اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
Soil Microbial Substrate Properties and Microbial Community ... - PLOS journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0103901 by R Ghimire - 2014 - Cited by 11 - Related articles Aug 4, 2014 - Combined crop rotation, tillage management, soil amendments, and legume crops ... such as microbial biomass and community structure in response to ... as reduced-tillage, cover crops, and crop diversification increase soil ... Effects of Winter Cover Crops Residue Returning on Soil Enzyme ... journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0100443 by T Hai-Ming - 2014 - Cited by 5 - Related articles Jun 23, 2014 - Therefore, the effects of incorporating winter cover crop residue with a ... the enzyme and microbial activities of soil are affected by soil tillage and ..... from changes in the enzyme activity in response to winter cover crop ... Soil enzyme activities, microbial community and winter cover crops residue applied. Response of soil fungi and biological processes to crop residues in no ... www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1983-40632016000100057 by P Oliveira - 2016 - Related articles Three cover crops (palisade grass, millet and common bean) provided straw and root ... The soil microbial community presents a vast array of fungal and bacterial ... tillage are important sources of nutrients and energy for the soil microbial ... Cross-Site Soil Microbial Communities under Tillage Regimes ... aem.asm.org/content/78/23/8191.full by TP Sipilä - 2012 - Cited by 11 - Related articles Cross-Site Soil Microbial Communities under Tillage Regimes: Fungistasis and ... Crop cover by no-till management protects the soil surface, reducing the risk of ..... The identification and response factors of the different PLFA compounds were ... Long term tillage, cover crop, and fertilization effects on microbial ... www.academia.edu/.../Long_term_tillage_cover_crop_and_fertilization_effects_on_... Long term tillage, cover crop, and fertilization effects on microbial community .... 25 The responses of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N), microbial microbial activity ...
