دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین بازده استتار تراکم جمعیت در لاک پشت از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تطبیق پیش زمینه و پیش گویی بازده استتار تراکم جمعیت در لاک پشت چهار چشم (Sacalia quadriocellata)
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Background matching and camouflage efficiency predict population density in four-eyed turtle (Sacalia quadriocellata)
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Camouflage is widespread among animals and includes crypsis, masquerade, motion dazzle, and motion camouflage (Thayer, 1896; Cott, 1940; Stevens and Merilaita, 2009). Among these, crypsis constitutes a complex subject and may aid in reducing detection by predators (Stevens andMerilaita, 2011). Background matching is an important type of crypsis that involves animal coloration generally resembling the color, lightness, and pattern of one background or several backgrounds (Stevens and Merilaita, 2009). Many animals’ body color closely matches natural substrates. For example, Krupa and Gelusa (2000)found that the color of the pocket gopher’s (Geomys bursarius) heads and backs closely matches the color of moist soil. Additionally, Mäthger et al. (2008) demonstrated that the reflectance spectra of cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) skin patterns highly correlate with the spectra of natural substrates. In fact, some animals may actively select microhabitat with color similar to their body color. For instance, Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) females choose a substrate that best matches their egg background coloration in order to provide the most effective camouflage (Lovell et al., 2013). In recent years, some studies have suggested that background matching is associated with reduced risk of predator detection (Lee et al., 2010). With regard to quantification of color, Stevens et al. (2007) suggested that digital photography hasmany advantages over spectrometry. Digital photography can analyze whole spatial patterns of an animal, dispensing with reconstruction topography from point samples. It can also possibly provide means for quantifying the entire background color of the substrate inhabited by the animals. In addition, digital photography enables rapid data acquisition. All the aforementioned advantages of digital photography are important to study background matching, especially when the experiments are conducted in the field. Some recent studies of background matching have adopted digital photography and computer systems to quantify the color of animals (or avian eggs) and their habitat substrate (or avian nest) (Lee et al., 2010; Lovell et al., 2013). However, some authors have suggested that the best method for studying background matching is to test its camou- flage efficiency by building a natural predator–prey system (Cuthill et al., 2005). This method, however, is difficult to carry out because of the improbability of witnessing predation events in the wild (Karpestam et al., 2013). One controllable method to study camou- flage efficiency is to conduct detection experiments by presenting photographs of prey on paper to human predators (Gendron and Staddon, 1984; Todd, 2009). This allows for several iterations which are very difficult to conduct in the field, and it has been successfully used to study camouflage (Todd, 2009; Stevens et al., 2013), mimicry (Beatty et al., 2005), and aposematism (Summers and Clough, 2001).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Behavioural Processes - Terkko Navigator https://www.terkko.helsinki.fi/.../15220239_background-matching-... Translate this page Background matching and camouflage efficiency predict population density in four-eyed turtle (Sacalia quadriocellata). Added 220 days ago (21.08.2016). Journal: Behavioural processes / Publication Year: 2016 / Source ... https://pubag.nal.usda.gov/?f%5Bjournal_name%5D%5B%5D...year...v... ... and camouflage efficiency predict population density in four-eyed turtle (Sacalia ... Background matching and camouflage efficiency of the four-eyed turtle, ... Sacalia quadriocellata (Four-eyed Turtle) - IUCN Red List www.iucnredlist.org/details/19797/0 Reviewer(s):, Buhlmann, K., Rhodin, A. & van Dijk, P.P. (Tortoise & Freshwater Turtle Red List Authority). Justification: There are modest to small populations in ... Lianshin Lin - Publications - Academic Tree https://academictree.org/etree/publications.php?pid=497365 2016, Xiao F, Yang C, Shi H, Wang J, Sun L, Lin L. Background matching and camouflage efficiency predict population density in four-eyed turtle (Sacalia ... Wang, Jichao - 首页 en.ustc.findplus.cn/?h=search_list&query=AR... Translate this page 4. Multiframe super resolution reconstruction method based on light field ... and camouflage efficiency predict population density in four-eyed turtle (Sacalia ... Four-eyed turtle photo - Sacalia quadriocellata - G25832 | Arkive www.arkive.org › Species › Reptiles › Four-eyed turtle Four-eyed turtle - View amazing Four-eyed turtle photos - Sacalia ... Vietnam are not considered as threatened as the main population in China, where it is at risk ... Effect of Substrate Color on Pigmentation in Midland Painted Turtles ... www.bioone.org › All Titles › Journal of Herpetology › Sep 2006 by JW Rowe - 2006 - Cited by 17 - Related articles May 26, 2006 - Mean carapace intensity significantly decreased over time (turtle ... and camouflage efficiency predict population density in four-eyed turtle ...
