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عنوان فارسی مقاله:

"من" ها در تیم : اهمیت افراد برای موفقیت تیم


عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

The ‘I's in team: The importance of individual members to team success



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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:


After the tragic assassination of President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865, his successor, then Vice President Andrew Johnson was left with the monumental and onerous task of undertaking Lincoln’s truly humanitarian reconciliation policies with the defeated Confederacy. While a man of signifi- cant courage, Johnson was the only Southern Member of Congress to refuse to secede from the Union with his State (Tennessee), he was not nearly as dynamic and persuasive a personality as Lincoln. As a result, in the bloody aftermath of the Civil War, Johnson was continuously at odds with the Radical Republican-dominated Congress, vetoing a number of bills as not only unconstitutional, but much too harsh in their proposed treatment of the Post-War South. As a result, and for the first time in our nation’s history, important legislation was passed over a President’s veto, thus becoming the law of the land without President Johnson’s support. It must be noted that not all of Andrew Johnson’s vetoes were overturned and the congressional Radical Republicans soon realized that only the impeachment of President Johnson would provide them total victory. However, getting the two-thirds majority vote necessary for impeachment was highly problematic. More specifically, the success of their endeavor rested squarely on the vote of one man, first-term Kansas Senator, Edmund G. Ross. That impeachment would come down to the vote of Ross was quite ironic as Ross had to date been a staunch supporter of the Radical Republican agenda, voting for all of their previous legislative measures. In addition, Ross was from Kansas, which along with Massachusetts was arguably the most anti-Johnson state in the country. Furthermore, his colleague from Kansas, Senator Samuel C. Pomeroy, was one of the most strident (and vocal) opponents of Johnson. Through all this, Ross remained tight-lipped on how he would vote on impeachment, adding further drama to an already extremely tense situation. How much interest were the impending impeachment procedures generating? Well, like any hit Broadway show, the impeachment tickets printed for admission to the Senate galleries were a hot commodity and the then fifty-four United States Senators were deluged with requests for them. On the morning of the vote, Ross was threatened with political death by several colleagues if he dared vote for President Andrew Johnson’s acquittal. As the impeachment vote commenced, it became clear that Ross’s vote was, in fact, the pivotal one. In a voice that was both strong and unmistakable, Ross voted ‘‘Not guilty’’ and President Johnson was acquitted. Ross paid a very heavy price for his courage. His every behavior was minutely scrutinized and he was accused of various supposed improprieties. Of course, his political career was over and when he returned to Kansas after his term was completed both he and his family were subjected to a continuous barrage of social ostracism and physical confrontation. Ross later poignantly described how he felt after his dramatic and courageous vote in noting, ‘‘. . .I almost literally looked down into my open grave. . .’’ Without the ‘‘happy’’ Hollywood ending, Ross was a real-life counterpart to the Henry Fonda character.



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کلمات کلیدی:

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