دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین اثر مسیر سنتز بر ویژگی الکتریکی اتانول از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
اثر مسیر سنتز بر ویژگی های الکتریکی و حسی اتانول برای نانوذرات LaFeO3 با روش سل-ژل سیترات
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Effect of synthesis route on electrical and ethanol sensing characteristics for LaFeO3- nanoparticles by citric sol-gel method
سال انتشار : 2017
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Gas sensors based on LaFeO3 nanoparticles have attracted considerable interests due to their high sensitivity and stability to ethanol and tunable selectivity to various gases by the substitution of cation ions [1–17]. Among various methods that can be used to prepare LaFeO3 nanoparticles, sol-gel method using citric acid has been frequently adopted due to the lost cost of raw materials and easy handle of procedures. Aside from the common use of lanthanum nitrate, iron nitrate and citric acid in sol-gel method for the preparation of LaFeO3 nanoparticles, polyethylene glycol (PEG) or ethylene glycol (EG) is also incorporated into the precursor solution by some researchers, and the gas sensing performance differs greatly from each other. Shi et al. prepared Ca-doped LaFeO3 powders using PEG as raw material, and the La0.8Ca0.2FeO3 shows good sensing performance towards CO at 180 ◦C [10]. Murade et al. prepared Sr-doped nanostructured LaFeO3 using EG as raw material, and the nanocrystalline La0.7Sr0.3FeO3 exhibited good sensing performance towardsacetone at 275 ◦C [18]. Although the effect of dopant element and doping concentration on the gas sensing properties of LaFeO3 has been investigated frequently, the comparative study on the effect of raw material choosing of PEG and EG has not been conducted so far. Besides direct calcination of the dry gel at high temperature, the final product of LaFeO3- nanoparticles was obtained by some investigators with additional pre-calcination at low temperature, and shows different gas sensing performance. Chen et al. prepared LaFeO3 nanocrystalline powders using PEG with pre-calcination at 400 ◦C for 2 h, and the final product annealed at 800 ◦C for 4 h can sensitively detect low concentration of acetone at 260 ◦C [19]. While nonstoichiometric LaFeO3 powders prepared by Cao et al. using PEG through direct calcination at 600 ◦C for 2 h exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity towards ethanol at 140 ◦C [20]. Therefore, the gas sensing performance of LaFeO3 nanoparticles depends not only on the raw material choosing, but also on the calcination process, and it is necessary to investigate the effect of synthesis route on the gas sensing characteristics of LaFeO3 nanoparticles by citric sol-gel method. When exploring the gas sensing mechanism of LaFeO3-based sensors, the high sensitivity of LaFeO3 nanoparticles to ethanol has always been ascribed to small crystallite size and large amount of adsorbed oxygen species (O2 −or O−) [5,10], which is supported by the relevance of sensitivity and the relative content of the
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کلمات کلیدی:
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