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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
گالیم به عنوان کاندیدی برای اخلال در چرخه معیوب محرک متاستاز لیتیک
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Gallium, a promising candidate to disrupt the vicious cycle driving osteolytic metastases
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Bone tissue is one of the most favoured sites for breast tumour metastases, and bone lesions are preferentially localized in spine and pelvic bone [1]. Patients diagnosed with advanced breast cancer mostly develop bone metastases characterized by severe osteolytic lesions [2–4]. Subsequently, bone metastases lead to severe bone pain, bone instability, fractures, spinal cord compression, hypercalcaemia and bone marrow aplasia [5]. As described in a retrospective study including 617 women with breast cancer, 52% experienced at least one of these skeletal-related events (SREs) [6]. Focussing on spinal metastases, about 20% of cases exhibited neurological deficit symptoms due to: (i) mechanical compression of spinal cord directly by the tumour or caused by the displacement of bone fragments, kyphotic deformity; (ii) vascular insuffi- ciency as a consequence of segmental artery occlusion by tumour emboli, venous thrombus, and spinal cord injury due to oedema caused by internal haemorrhage of spinal cord. Consequently, it appears crucial to propose therapeutic solutions for the treatment of SREs since their development considerably affects patients’ quality of life and in some cases increases the risk of death [7]. Bone homoeostasis is regulated through a balanced communication between the major cells forming and remodelling bone tissue, i.e. osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes. Breast tumour cells invasion into bone shifts the balance of bone turnover to favour resorption processes through an enhanced osteoclast activity [8]. Indeed, breast cancer cells promote the formation and the activityof osteoclasts by secreting osteolytic cytokines including parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHLH), tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukins (such as IL-8 and IL-11), as well as matrix metalloproteinases that are involved in bone protein matrix destruction [9]. In addition, breast cancer cells negatively affect osteoblasts in terms of proliferation and activity leading to a decrease of bone formation [3]. Consecutively to the development of breast cancer cells-induced osteolytic lesions, regulatory growth factors stored in large quantities within bone tissue are massively released, thus creating a vicious cycle. Among these factors locally available, transforming growth factor-b (TGF-b) is the most implied in tumour cells activation [3,10–12]. As postulated by Stephen Paget, this microenvironment can be considered as a soil that provides a favourable niche for the growth and the development of tumour cells [13]. In turn, tumour cells produce angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [8,14,15]. This phenomenon stimulates tumour neovascularization, which favours oxygen and nutriments supply, as well as tumour cells dissemination. By contrast, it has been demonstrated that VEGF is crucial for bone repair and regeneration by promoting macrophage recruitment and angiogenic responses during the inflammation process [16,17]. Indeed, administering exogenous VEGF has been shown to increase formation of mineralized bone within bone defects [18,19].
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کلمات کلیدی:
Gallium, a Promising Candidate to Disrupt the Vicious ... - NCBI - NIH https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/labs/articles/27378505/ Jul 1, 2016 - Abstract. Bone metastases of breast cancer typically lead to a severe osteolysis due to an excessive osteoclastic activity. On the other hand, the ... Gallium, a promising candidate to disrupt the vicious ... - ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/.../304779088_Gallium_a_promising_candidate_to_disrupt... Gallium, a promising candidate to disrupt the vicious cycle driving osteolytic metastases on ResearchGate, the professional network for scientists. [PDF]Gallium, a promising candidate for bone pathologies treatment - CORE https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/52775347.pdf Nov 9, 2015 - Gallium, un candidat prometteur pour le traitement des pathologies osseuses. En anglais : Gallium, a promising candidate for bone pathologies ... Sparrho | Gallium, a promising candidate to disrupt the vicious cycle https://www.sparrho.com/item/gallium-a-promising-candidate-to-disrupt.../855749/ Jul 1, 2016 - Bone metastases of breast cancer typically lead to a severe osteolysis due to an excessive osteoclastic activity. On the other hand, the ... Gallium Nitride Heterogeneous Source Drain MOSFET. https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0549551883 Lei Ma - 2007 Therefore they are good candidates for future generation digital applications. The TCAD study shows that GaN could be a promising candidate for making short ... Gallium Nitride Electronics - Page 85 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3540718923 Rüdiger Quay - 2008 - Technology & Engineering AlGaN/GaN HBTs thus have promising theoretical performance; however, this ... the further development of the GaN/InGaN (D)HBT is a promising candidate to ... Coherent Optical Studies of Electronic and Spin States in Gallium ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0549816135 Qiong Huang - 2008 Trapped ions are good candidates for quantum computing, which satisfies all five ... is another promising candidate for quantum computing that satisfies all five ... ITO-based electrode: A promising candidate for the growth of ... - DOIs https://doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2005126018 Journal de Physique IV, Journal de Physique Archives représente une mine d informations facile à consulter sur la manière dont la physique a été publiée ...
