دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین کیفیت مراقبت بهداشتی مبتنی بر درمان از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
شبیه سازی نوآوری با کیفیت مراقبت های بهداشتی بر اساس یک درمان جدید درمان: مورد هپاتیت C در اروپا
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Simulating healthcare quality innovation based on a novel medical treatment: The case of Hepatitis-C in Europe
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Existing models
For getting in-depth insights into existing approaches to model the spread and treatment of Hepatitis C and comparable infections, an extensive literature review on the topic was conducted. We thereby identified three main streams in mathematical models of HCV: i) predicting effects of treatment, ii) predicting transmission among people who inject drugs, and iii) analysing economic effects of HCV treatment. The effects of antiviral therapies were deeply analysed and evaluated using different mathematical models that also yielded many insights into the pathogenesis. Perelson and Guedj recently published a review on prediction models that analyse the different treatment effects on HCV therapy (Perelson and Guedj, 2015). In doing so, one of the major fields of interest is the question regarding the minimal duration of treatment for the novel therapy. Numerous models have their origin in HIV research, based on simple heuristic arguments. This basic idea was adapted in order to predict decreases of viral loads of HCV after treatment in a biphasic model. In the first phase it proved dose-dependent effectiveness in blocking viral production, while the next phase shows a decrease due to dying and not efficiently replaced cells. However, this rather simple approach was extended to more sophisticated models in order to analyse the complex processes of liver regeneration, drug pharmacokinetics including empirical models, and the effect of ribavirin. For analysing viral kinetics with direct-acting antiviral agents, the blocking of viral assembly and secretion combined with replication, as well as curing infected cells and drug-resistance were modelled. A recent disease progression model concludes that the traditional treatment rate and efficiency is not sufficient to overcome the burden of HCV and claims the need for a novel therapy (Razavi et al., 2014), such as the one being discussed in this article. In high-income countries, the main population at risk of being infected with HCV is people who inject drugs. Their seroprevalence ranges from 15 to 90% (Vickerman et al., 2010). Therefore, a recent literature review deals only with models capturing this problem of virus transmission (Cousien et al., 2015). In this review, 37 models were analysed with the main objectives of illustrating the transmission of HCV and providing analytical results; evaluating the impact of harm reduction policies; comparing epidemic dynamics of HCV and HIV; evaluating the impact of treatment of HCV infection on transmission and cost; and evaluating the impact of vaccination strategies. From a methodological perspective, macro-view compartmental models were the most frequently used approach (31 out of 37, see (Cousien et al., 2015) for further details), dividing the overall population into individual compartments according to the state in the infection process. The major benefit of these models is the low computation time, which can be explained with the method's main shortcoming: the assumption of a homogenous and totally mixed population. This shortcoming is overcome in the presented individual-based models that differentiate within the population according to characteristics of individuals or even take into account the individuals' social networks. The reproduction of characteristics from real networks was addressed in intersection graph models, household graph models, and stochastic block models
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کلمات کلیدی:
Viral Hepatitis in Europe | HEPscreen hepscreen.eu/health-challenge/epidemiology/viral-hepatitis-in-europe/ But there remains a large, undiagnosed burden of disease in the European Union. Models predict that the peak mortality for HCV-related causes is ahead of us ... EU HCV POLICY SUMMIT 2016 - Hepatitis B & C www.hepbcppa.org/eu-hcv-policy-summit-2016/ Dear Visitor,. Hepatitis C is a major public health problem in Europe. In the EU, more people die each year from the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) than from HIV. Hepatitis C Initiative www.hepatitis-c-initiative.eu/ organised a Hepatitis C Community Summit in April 2017 in Amsterdam because this is a historic ... For more information www.hepatitiscommunitysummit.eu. Recommendations on treatment of Hepatitis C 2016 - EASL - Clinical ... www.easl.eu/research/our.../easl-recommendations-on-treatment-of-hepatitis-c-2016 EASL Recommendations on Treatment of Hepatitis C 2016. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the main causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. ... participants at its first meeting, to becoming the leading liver association in Europe. Searches related to Hepatitis-C in Europe hepatitis statistics worldwide hepatitis b statistics by country hcv prevalence by country hepatitis a prevalence map hepatitis b in the uk hepatitis statistics 2016 hcv epidemiology europe hepatitis b and c prevalence worldwide
