دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین کالج مطلع و انتخاب عمده از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
کالج مطلع و انتخاب عمده: تایید محیط متناوب
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
(Un)informed College and Major Choice”: Verification in an alternate setting
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
The decision to pursue education has significant labor market implications. To approach the decision rationally, a student must consider the costs and benefits of each available option. However, mounting empirical evidence shows that student expectations of costs and benefits are noisy and vary across students. Hastings, Neilson, Ramirez, and Zimmerman (2016) (hereafter HNRZ) contribute to this literature with their large-scale study of student beliefs in Chile. They gather beliefs about the earnings and costs associated with different college institutions and majors from Chilean college students and applicants. The authors aim to provide descriptive evidence on the characteristics of these beliefs, and show how they relate to student choice. HNRZ is a part of Proyecto 3E. Proyecto 3E is a study of college and career choice in Chile, carried out withthe support of the Chilean government. The Proyecto 3E database follows fifteen cohorts of high school graduates through college and is linked to administrative Chilean government data. The use of novel interventions as well as depth and size of the data set (the HNRZ sample includes 7382 students) gives Proyecto 3E the potential to be one of the most fruitful studies of college and curriculum choice in the modern literature, and to improve the Chilean education system. HNRZ is not the first product of Proyecto 3E. Previous work has produced causal estimates from regression discontinuity of the returns to different majors, which have commonly been elusive and difficult to identify in prior literature (Hastings, Neilson, & Zimmerman, 2013). Other work has examined the effect of student loan caps based on the earnings of prior graduates in a given major, and how the caps may guide low-income students to choose higher-earnings majors (Beyer, Hastings, Neilson, & Zimmerman, 2015). Hastings, Neilson, and Zimmerman (2015) reports the results of an earnings belief intervention experiment, a field experiment similar to the labexperiment of Wiswall and Zafar (2015). Student loan applicants are presented with expected earnings and cost information about available degrees. While the information has little effect on matriculation, low-socioeconomic status students in the treatment group are more likely to enroll in degrees with higher earnings net of costs. HNRZ continues the research agenda, and provides one of the largest scale studies of student beliefs about college costs and benefits. HNRZ find that student beliefs are on average accurate for costs, but that beliefs are noisy and vary heavily over students. While cost expectations are on average accurate, earnings expectations are not. On average, students overestimate early-career earnings among the graduates of their first-choice institutions by 39.3%. They also find evidence that, while beliefs about earnings are not strongly linked to matriculation, they are related to major choice. Students with higher expectations of earnings are likely to choose majors that on average lead to lower earnings and graduation rates, and higher loan default rates. Students who overestimate costs are less likely to matriculate in any institution, including the program they declare as being their first choice, and are more likely to drop out. Importantly, HNRZ stand out from the rest of the literature on student expectations by providing an informal theoretical framework for differences in student beliefs based on the costs of gathering information. Students who value financial outcomes less or who must pay a high cost to gather information are likely to gather less information. Based on this model, HNRZ highlight five predictions, detailed in Section 3. Each prediction is an implication of differing student preferences for information or differing costs of information across groups. HNRZ evaluate these predictions using Chilean Proyecto 3E and administrative data and find support for them. As they note, there is a need for the model to be tested in alternate settings. In this paper I evaluate four of these predictions using the data set from Huntington-Klein (2015) (hereafter HK),1 which comes from a 2012 survey of high school juniors and seniors in the United States and focuses on differing levels of education rather than major choice. I find strong support for two of the predictions, partial support for another two, and also find differences in informational access across groups as expected.
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کلمات کلیدی:
PDF]Determinants of College Major Choice - Federal Reserve Bank of New ... https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/research/staff_reports/sr500.pdf by M Wiswall - 2011 - Cited by 206 - Related articles Underscoring the importance of college major choices, a number of studies have ... This paper studies the determinants of college major choices using a survey ... Computerworld - 20 May 1991 - Page 121 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?id=18WeIm6AXYoC Magazine For over osfglresuriie imrneoiaiely 20 years, we have provided top-notch data pm' ... Currently available opportunities include: B gain access to ALL of our choice ... nformation systems professionals have always faced tough choices when it ... For employees fresh out of college, striking this balance is less of a problem. Computerworld - 29 Aug 1994 - Page 6 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?id=AXUevDTWEy0C Vol. 28, No. 35 - Magazine News Back door swings open for Mac nformation systems managers struggling ... Charles Babcock A reputation to regain Apple has little choice but to hope this ... Already, at least one major instiThe College Retirement Equities Fund, which ... Popular Science - Nov 1980 - Page 183 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?id=BPsMp8KMONAC Vol. 217, No. 5 - Magazine TOP. STAINED. GLASS. ,) Learn at honif in yO'.ir spjre time Program includes your hook of com ... Grantham College, 2500 La Cienega, Los Angeles, CA 90034. ... Our~unique system can help you make the right choice. .... Free nformation. Boys' Life - Sep 1939 - Page 41 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?id=PMW8dJpaf7cC Magazine /NFORMATION on keeping small wild creatures as pets is quite fully covered in ... The 1939 Albert Richard Football Map shows locations, official colors and nicknames of 236 leading colleges. Also major "Pro" teams. ... They're the choice of Ail-Americans 1 1 I ALBERT RICHARD CO., Makers of the Coat of the Stars Dept. Searches related to nformed College and Major Choice college majors by gender statistics gender and college major choice college major choice and the gender gap college major choice and the gender gap zafar gender differences in college majors race and gender differences in college major choice racial and ethnic differences in college major choice consider the role of gender in selecting a major in college which of the following is true
