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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
جلوگیری از آسیب: روان شناسی بحران های ارتباط با بحران در ورزش های سازمان یافته
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Preventing damage: The psychology of crisis communication buffers in organized sports
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. The bonds of community
Related to the idea of favourable relationship history is the greater buffering effect of community. Speaking of crisis communication generally, Kent (2012) wonders “how important the relationship between an organization and its publics is to weather crises” (p. 709). The relationship inKent’s formulation is between groups of people (“publics”) and an organization, not simply atomized individuals to an organization. In organized sports, a strong bond between the team and the fans—and among the fans themselves—develops from communal spectatorship and indentification. Fans often watch with friends and family and socialize before and after games (in the United States, tailgating is a common pre-game tradition in which people congregate beside cars in parking lots, eating and drinking). Gantz (2013) argues that sports are more than just entertainment and they bring people together (unlike other forms of entertainment) because they are best watched live, are largely appropriate for all audiences, and provide all of the excitement of victories, battles, and defeats in a noncontroversial way. Spectatorship is shared, bringing people into groups and promoting feelings of community and mutual interests (Gantz, 2013). The family metaphor goes even further. Kruse (1981) argues that “the entire organization that supports a team is, for the fans, an extended ‘family’ in which they, too, participate. What affects one member of the team affects all” (p. 272). This is radically differentfrom the typical singular relationship between a customer and an organization offering straightforward products or services. We do not typically buy products and services in the company of large groups (modern online shopping is even more solitary). This reality isolates the organization–customer relationship and, effectively, precludes it from gaining the same level of importance and engagement in stakeholders’ lives as the relationship between organized sports and their supporters. Understanding the difference between these two relationships can be achieved through examining the reasons behind fans’ support. One study found three factors behind people’s support for a team: success of the team, geographical concerns, and the levels of support offered to the team by friends and family (Wann, Tucker, & Schrader, 1996; p. 1000). These three factors can all be reframed as potential buffers to crisis damage.
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کلمات کلیدی:
The Psychology of Crisis Communication | Emergency Preparedness ... epr.hpru.nihr.ac.uk/publications/psychology-crisis-communication Jun 6, 2016 - The Handbook of International Crisis Communication Research, First Edition, 34-44; ISBN 978-`-118-51676-8 ... [PPT]Psychology of a Crisis - Central Colorado AHEC www.centralcoahec.org/documents/RiskCommunications-PsychologyofaCrisis.ppt Psychology of a Crisis ... Immediate Reactions to a Crisis ... Provide basic resources – food, shelter, communication, transportation, and medical services ... CERC Corner - Psychology of a Crisis - CDC Emergency Preparedness https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/cerccorner/psychologyofacrisis.asp May 17, 2017 - The CERC training program educates people on the principles and application of crisis and emergency risk communication when responding ... [PDF]Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication - CDC Emergency ... https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/resources/pdf/cerc_2014edition.pdf (1) writings of classical rhetoricians; (2) a wealth of modern crisis, issues management, communication theory, and psychological theory; and (3) lessons learned ... [PDF]psychological reactions to traumatic events - Crisis Communication www.crisiscommunication.fi/criscomscore/files/download/ForOnline_Psychology.pdf by K Ugur - Cited by 1 - Related articles Traumatic events or crises have several common characteristics. They hurt ... developed dramatically: crisis communication, the socio-psychological support.
