دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین واردات خارجی و رشد اقتصادی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
حواله های خارجی، سرمایه گذاری مستقیم خارجی، واردات خارجی و رشد اقتصادی در پاکستان: تجزیه و تحلیل سری های زمانی
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Foreign Remittances, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Imports and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Introducing Pakistan, like all developing countries, is striving hard to achieve and sustain the long run economic growth. In a globalized world, it becomes even more complicated to answer the question: ‘what actually determines economic growth’. Economic growth can be influenced by various factors because of its complex nature. Domestic factors such as savings and human capital are considered important for achieving high economic growth (Solow, 1956; Romer 1988). However, external factors such as foreign remittances, foreign direct investment, and imports from foreign countries are also equally important for improving economic growth especially for developing countries (Erik and Ruiz-Arranz, 2006; Barajas et al., 2009; Azman-Saini et al., 2009; Almfrsji and Almsafir, 2014 ). Economic growth is important because a growing economy is in a much better position to improve the standard of living of its people, which is possible through better educational and health facilities. Contemporary research shows that economic growth promotes human development (Nourzad & Powel, 2003). Human development is indeed the goal of all economic activities around the globe. The present study examines the impact of external determinants on economic growth. It will also provide an empirical investigation to an important research question: ‘Do external factors like foreign remittances, foreign direct investment and foreign imports, affect the economic growth process of Pakistan?’ In doing so, the paper used observations on foreign remittances (remittances hereafter), foreign direct investment (FDI hereafter), and foreign imports (imports hereafter) on Pakistan economy during the period 1977-2013. The economy of Pakistan is receiving a handsome amount of remittances from its overseas residents. In 2014, it received around $16 billion; such inflows have financed 38 percent of the country’s import bill, 95 percent of the overall trade deficit, and contributed over 6 percent in Pakistan’s national income (State Bank of Pakistan, Annul Report 2014). The economy of Pakistan has attracted a sizable amount of net foreign inflows in recent years, however, due to the fragile recovery of the world economy and domestic security concerns, the flows of foreign investment reduced to its regular patterns. Besides, imports also play a significant role in the growth process. Therefore, establishing a relationship between remittances, FDI, imports, and economic growth may be useful for policy makers. Policy makers could initiate appropriate policy actions towards external determinants considering their importance for economic growth. This paper is organized in the following manner. Section two of the paper discusses relevant literature. Modeling and empirical strategy are explained in section three. Models are estimated and results are presented in section four. In the penultimate section, the long - run and short - run cointegrating relationship is discussed. Section six concludes the paper along with policy recommendations.
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کلمات کلیدی:
PDF]Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic ... - World Scholars wscholars.com/index.php/ajbm/article/download/624/525 by K Malik - 2015 - Cited by 2 - Related articles The main purpose of this paper is to find and analyze the impact of FDI and trade openness on economic growth of Pakistan. For this study we used time series ... [PDF]Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth of Pakistan https://www.scienpress.com/Upload/AMAE/Vol%203_1_3.pdf by N Saqib - Cited by 37 - Related articles Jan 20, 2013 - including Debt, Trade, Inflation and Domestic Investment have been ... Keywords: Foreign direct investment, economic growth, Granger. Foreign Remittances, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Imports and ... https://www.researchgate.net/.../277566187_Foreign_Remittances_Foreign_Direct_Inves... Feb 17, 2017 - Official Full-Text Publication: Foreign Remittances, Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Imports and Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series ... [PDF]fdi, trade openness and economic growth, new dynamics in pakistan www.sci-int.com/.../367101281%20a%2065%20597-602%20%20Mahwish%20Zafar... by PSUS MahwishZafar - Related articles The foreign direct investment and trade openness ... of FDI and TOP on economic growth, study used time Series data for the years 1994-2014 collected from ... Searches related to Foreign Direct Investment, Foreign Imports and Economic Growth in Pakistan fdi and economic growth in pakistan pdf relationship between fdi and economic growth impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth pdf remittances google scholar
