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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
چگونه مقررات زدایی هوانوردی، گردشگری بین المللی را در شمال شرقی آسیا ترویج می دهد: مورد بازار منشور در ژاپن
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism in Northeast Asia: A case of the charter market in Japan
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
Literature review
Over the last five decades, charter deregulation has been producing a very significant structural development within the leisure industries. During the 1960s, the acceptance of charter airlines led to a sustained boom in tourism from Northern Europe to the Mediterranean (Forsyth, 2006); charter airlines became the main air service providers of leisure travel in Europe (Papatheodorou and Lei, 2006). In the 1980s and 1990s, researchers studied various aspects of charter-based tourism, including demand and supply (Guitart, 1982; Jørgensen and Solvoll, 1996), economic impact (Haitovsky et al., 1987), geographical dimensions of charter flows (Pearce, 1987a, 1987b), airport operations (Lobbenberg, 1995), and destination development (Gillmor, 1996). After the EU implemented the third package of air transport liberalization measures from 1993 to 1998, charter airlines lost its significance in the European leisure market. The third package waived distinctions between scheduled and non-scheduled operations; removed restrictions on market entry, capacity, frequency and pricing; and gave all EU carriers unlimited 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th Freedom rights and, as of 1 April 1997, the 8th and 9th (‘cabotage’) Freedom rights within the EU (Papatheodorou, 2002). LCCs gained tremendous opportunities when they were granted full access to the EU aviation market. Thus, many charter airlines reregistered themselves as LCCs (Doganis, 2002) or entered the scheduled market by selling seat-only products (Papatheodorou, 2002). Meanwhile, full-service airlines (FSAs) set-up LCC subsidiaries, and several investors launched new airlines that adopted the model of Southwest Airlines (Budd et al., 2014). Facilitated by direct Internet booking platforms, LCCs rapidly began to gain market share and, by the end of the 1990s, replaced charters on many short-haul leisure routes (Williams, 2001).
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کلمات کلیدی:
EconPapers: How aviation deregulation promotes international ... econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:jaitra:v:57:y:2016:i:c:p:260-271 by C Wu - 2016 - Related articles Nov 10, 2016 - How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism in Northeast Asia: A case of the charter market in Japan. Chuntao Wu. Journal of Air ... How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism in Northeast ... https://megapaper.ir/search/view/journal.../j.jairtraman.2016.08.016 Translate this page How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism in Northeast Asia: A case of the charter market in Japan. (2016). Chuntao Wu. Content Type: journal- ... How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism ... - DeepDyve https://www.deepdyve.com/.../how-aviation-deregulation-promotes-international-touri... Read "How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism in Northeast Asia: A case of the charter market in Japan, Journal of Air Transport Management" ... How aviation deregulation promotes international ... - SocioRePEc https://sociorepec.org/publication.xml?h=repec:eee:jaitra:v:57:y:2016:i:c:p... Nov 11, 2016 - title, How aviation deregulation promotes international tourism in Northeast Asia: A case of the charter market in Japan, + Citations at Google ... [PDF]Aviation Benefits Beyond Borders 2014 Report aviationbenefits.org/media/26786/ATAG__AviationBenefits2014_FULL_LowRes.pdf Aviation, Honeywell Aerospace, International Air Transport ..... trade, aviation promotes global economic growth and ..... deregulation of the aviation market in the. International Airline Alliances : EC Competition Law/US Antitrust ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9041119094 Angela Cheng-Jui Lu - 2003 - Law Airline deregulation also has achieved a certain degree of success through, ... the US government also enthusiastically promotes some of the liberalising ... [PDF]The economic & social benefits of air transport - ICAO https://www.icao.int/Meetings/wrdss2011/.../ATAG_SocialBenefitsAirTransport.pdf aviation, they emphasised that the future development of international civil .... Deregulation – starting with the US ... It promotes an improved quality of life.
