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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
اثر تابش موج کوتاه و اجزای منعکس آن در میانگین دمای تابشی: مدل سازی و نتایج تجربی اولیه
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
The effect of the short wave radiation and its reflected components on the mean radiant temperature: modelling and preliminary experimental results
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
In both outdoor and indoor environments, human thermal comfort is influenced by various factors (climate conditions, physiological and subjective issues, etc.), which have combined and diversified effects on human energy balance. Comfort and energy demand in buildings are strongly interconnected and the achievement of high quality standards involves an energy cost, which must be taken into account [1–3]. The maintenance of the required environmental quality levels, as a matter of fact, implies that a series of environmental variables should be controlled within recommended values [4]; nevertheless, this approach could not suffice in many actual cases, when comfort indexes [5], parameters and variables should be accurately evaluated [6,7]. Among all these factors, radiative heat exchanges play a pivotal role: in confined environments they contributes as far as 30% of the whole thermal exchanges involving the subject [8], but in case of direct solar radiation they can become the most significant cause of heat gain and discomfort [9]. The mean radiant temperature, MRT, is one of the main factor used to quantify the effect of the radiant field on human thermal response [10]. This quantity plays a crucial role in both outdoor and indoor situations and several studies have stressed the influence of this variable on thermal comfort in urban settings [11], researching and comparing reliable and feasible methods for its assessment [12–14] or its measurement [15–18]. All these studies, moreover, consider solar radiation as a key factor in the assessment of the mean radiant temperature on the grounds that thermal comfort is highly dependent on both long wave and short wave radiation fluxes from the surroundings. In indoor environments, the influence of the mean radiant temperature on thermal comfort is also well documented [19–23]. Moreover, in this case, MRT also influences the energy consumption to a certain extent. The issue has been investigated, analyzing the energy saving potential in a PMV-controlled space [24]. The results suggested that energy consumption, in a thermal comfort-controlled space, is strongly affected by a change in the mean radiant temperature and that the thermal comfort control can be considered as a reasonable strategy for both thermal comfort and energy saving purposes which, in turn, are to become one of the main objective of the building industry all over the world [25–28]. On balance, the accurate assessment of radiant field and MRT is the key to achieving both comfort optimization and energy efficiency.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Solar Radiation and the Earth's Energy Balance eesc.columbia.edu/courses/ees/climate/lectures/radiation/ Maximum energy is radiated at a wavelength proportional to the inverse of the ... not absorb all the incoming solar radiation but reflected part of it back to space. ... Because of its spherical shape incoming solar radiation is not equally ... When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth it is partially absorbed in different parts of the ... [PDF]Radiation Balance of Urban Materials and Their Thermal Impact in ... www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/6/10/1578/pdf by N Santillán-Soto - 2015 - Cited by 1 - Related articles Oct 23, 2015 - Keywords: net radiation; longwave radiation; shortwave radiation; solar radiation; urban .... radiation (QN) consists of the balance of four radiation components ... surfaces reflect solar radiation in the following ascending order: ... [PDF]chapter 3 absorption, emission, reflection, and scattering www.ssec.wisc.edu/library/coursefiles/03_abs_emiss_ref.pdf Trapping of the longwave radiation also can explain the gradual decrease of ..... a result of its passage through the layer and is often called the optical depth σλ. ..... radiation is mostly transmitted (but some absorption occurs in all parts of the. Earth's energy budget - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_energy_budget Longwave radiation is usually defined as outgoing infrared energy leaving the planet. However, the atmosphere absorbs parts initially, or cloud cover can reflect ... Outgoing longwave radiation - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outgoing_longwave_radiation Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) is the energy radiating from the Earth as infrared radiation at low energy to Space. OLR is electromagnetic radiation emitted from Earth and its atmosphere out ... OLR is a critical component of the Earth's energy budget, and represents the total radiation ... Role in greenhouse effect[edit]. [PDF]Shortwave Radiation - Crop Physiology Laboratory - Utah State ... cpl.usu.edu/htm/research/file=14800 3–1). Shortwave radiation can be separated into direct and diffuse components. The sum of these two ... and particulates in the air. Some of the diffuse radiation also is a result of light being reflected by the earth's surface and scattered back again by the atmosphere. .... its response to incident solar radiation. This standard is ... Longwave and Shortwave Radiation | Climate Education Modules for ... climate.ncsu.edu/edu/k12/.LWSW Aug 1, 2013 - Vegetation: Its Role in Weather and Climate · Greenhouse Effect · Greenhouse Gases ... Shortwave and longwave radiation interact with the earth and ... Solar energy enters our atmosphere as shortwave radiation in the form of ultraviolet ... the research needs on the human health effects of climate change. Searches related to effect of the short wave radiation and its reflected components radiation balance definition radiation balance equation incoming longwave radiation how much solar radiation is absorbed by the atmosphere net shortwave radiation equation heat equator what type of radiation does the earth emit incoming shortwave radiation
