دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین مدل سازی مکانیسم در پلی استر از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
به سوی یک مدل سازی پیشرفته تعامل مکانیسم شکست در پلی استر تقویت شده با الیاف: حالت مفهوم بارگذاری یک مخلوط
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Towards an advanced modeling of failure mechanisms’ interaction in fiber-reinforced polyester: A mixed-mode loading concept
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
The composite materials have become increasingly popular in several industrial sectors such as astronautics, aeronautics, and transports. In addition to their outstanding mechanical properties, the composite materials possess low densities. In several applications, the identification of their tribological behavior i.e. elementary wear mechanisms, friction, lubricant absorption rate, etc. still remain, however, challenging. The anisotropic nature of such materials makes it difficult both the experimental testing and the numerical modeling due to the interaction of elementary mechanisms and difficulty of controlling the interface behavior. The local analysis is mostly used to study the wear mechanisms evolution. In some attempts, the local approach analysis was used to investigate the tribological properties of each composite constituent separately. Scratch test is among the most known techniques used for characterizing tribological behavior of metals [1–3], polymers [4,5], and composites [6,7]. Kim et al. [8] studied the effect of fibers’ rate and direction on friction, and wear of short glass fibers reinforced polyamide (PA12) by using a block-on-ring tribotester. They demonstrated that the composite wear rate decreases with the increase of the fibers’ amount. A better wear resistance was detected with a composite containing 30 wt% of glass fiber. They also proved the sensitivity of tribological behavior of the composite to temperature and fiber amount. Using pin-on-disk test, Quintelier et al. [9] investigated the wear mechanisms in glass fiber reinforced polyester (GFRP) composites at dry sliding conditions. They proved that the initial fibers’ breakage is always occurring in a cross section regardless of the fiber orientation. In the case of sliding perpendicular to fiber orientation, the initial fiber fracture was attributed to bending causing longitudinal strains. When the fiber orientation is parallel to the sliding direction, high stresses are found to be responsible of the shearing forces. According to the SEM observations, typical composite wear mechanisms, i.e. fiber breaking, fiber/matrix interface debonding, matrix fracture, and fiber pullout, were highlighted. Wear maps were commonly used in open literature to achieve a better correlation between the tribological parameters and the wear mechanisms [10–12]. Using this analysis technique, Briscoe et al. [13] demonstrated the sensitivity of wear mechanisms to the conical indenter angle and the cure temperature owing to GFRP scratch test. For low angles, it was shown that ductile oriscoelastic-plastic ploughing switch to a brittle fracture when increasing the cure temperature. While the experimental approaches, namely, the scratch tests, achieved good conclusions on the single-phase material behavior, i.e. metals, polymers, etc. [14–17], they showed some limitations in accessing all the sought details and local mechanisms dominating the composite material behavior. In particular, the multiplicity of mechanisms acting alone or in complex an uncontrolled interaction makes these approaches not sufficient enough to fully understand the tribological behavior of fiber reinforced polymer composites. However, the finite element analysis (FEA) offers an appreciable alternative because of good modeling flexibility, significant time saving, and high solution accuracy. Since more than a decade, Goda et al. [18] have developed a micromechanical model for studying the tribological behavior of unidirectional composites using steel asperity-to-composite pair sliding model while sliding was performed perpendicular to fiber orientation. The proposed micro/macro FE approach basing in the modeling of fiber/matrix interface shows much better ability in predicting wear mechanisms than the equivalent macro mechanical approaches widely used in literature [19,20]. According to the predictions, it was revealed that the matrix breaking is due to high shear stress, followed by the formation of a thin film of wear debris. However, the backward fibers’ edges in the contacting zone may also crack under high normal stresses. In addition to the prediction of the whole wear mechanisms observed experimentally, the histories of local modes such as matrix shear failure, fiber/matrix debonding, fiber cracking, etc. were successfully highlighted. Friedrich et al. [21] simulated the sliding of a spherical indenter against GFRP composite sample. When sliding parallel to fiber orientation, it was revealed that fiber/matrix debonding, matrix shearing, and fiber thinning are dominating the wear mechanisms whereas fibers’ cracking mechanisms acts in addition to the aforementioned wear modes when sliding perpendicular to fiber orientation. Confrontation of predictions to observations performed on samples scratched by diamond tip proved the validity of simulations. In spite of appreciable researches have been developed for investigating wear in composite materials, most of them still focused on the SST and neglect, in turn, the effects of physical interactions between active mechanisms that might potentially be of important role in governing local behavior at surface and subsurface. This paper aims at emphasizing the correlation between tribological parameters and wear mechanisms’ interactions basing on micromechanical modeling. Scratch maps were built to highlight the dominating mechanisms and to appreciate the reliability of the numerical predictions.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional Steel Fiber ... onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pc.23220/pdf Research on steel fiber reinforced polymer composites has existed since the ... fiber strength and strain to failure as compared to carbon fibers (fail at less .... This model accounts for the interaction of fiber volume, matrix volume, and ...... Specimens for tension and compression testing and failure modes. [Color figure can be ... [PDF]modeling and interpretation of fiber orientation-based failure ... https://www.ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/18215/Calzada_Kevin.pdf?...1 by KA CALZADA - 2010 - Cited by 44 - Related articles Fiber-reinforced polymer composites have recently emerged as novel materials ... understanding of the fiber orientation-based fiber failure mechanisms ...... as chip formation mechanisms, material damage, and fiber-matrix interactions. The. Composite Materials: Fatigue and Fracture (third Volume) https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0803114192 T. Kevin O'Brien, ASTM Committee D-30 on High Modulus Fibers and Their Composites - 1991 - Composite materials (fiber-waviness) is used to determine in-plane and interlaminar shear strains Both ... potential energy and are two-dimensional models of plates on elastic foundations. ... interlaminar shear, and short-wavelength buckling failure mechanisms. ... 49 fibers The cylinders were manufactured such that the polyester resin was ... [PDF]Multi-Axial Failure Models for Fiber-Reinforced Composites www.hpmsl.neu.edu/content/2007Papers/JAI100533.pdf by NH Yang - 2007 - Cited by 5 - Related articles Failure Mechanisms of Fiber-Reinforced Composites Under Multi-Axial ... crack growth in a chopped strand mat of glass fiber reinforced polyester resin ... by highly complex interacting mechanisms, makes development of a failure model for ... [PDF]Modelling and crash simulation of long-fibre-reinforced thermoplastics www.iwm.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/iwm/geschaeftsfelder/...und.../D-I-04.pdf by T Seelig - 2008 - Cited by 6 - Related articles the deformation and failure of long-fibre-reinforced thermoplastics (LFT). ... The failure mechanisms leading to the different fracture strains of 2% and 4%, ... The strongly anisotropic elastic-plastic behaviour of LFT materials in .... interaction have been developed in recent years [3] and are employed in the present work.
