دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین لوله فولادی شکافدار از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تحلیل علت ریشه (RCA) لوله های فولادی شکافدار ASTM A53 در شرکت نفت و گاز
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Root cause analysis (RCA) of fractured ASTM A53 carbon steel pipe at oil & gas company
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Despite the fact that pipelines offer a safe, economical way to transport natural gas and dangerous liquids, pipeline leaks and ruptures can result in disastrous consequences. Pipelines can be susceptible to different metallurgical failure mechanisms including but not limited to manufacturing defects, third party damage, and corrosion. Understanding these failure mechanisms is critical to mitigating risk of future incidents and managing the future integrity of the pipeline. The world is experiencing a significant change in the pipeline business [1–3], debating the need to continue to transport our oil and gas through ageing pipelines while facing, at the same time, to a much stringent regulatory standard. Pipelines have, and will, fail, for one reason or the other. Recent failures in the USA [4], high pressure natural gas transmission pipeline in northern part of Pakistan [5], a T-shape natural gas pipeline network near gas extraction plant in northern Mexico [6], similar pipe in Kuwait [7] and the API 5L X46 pipe in Brazil [8] are the few examples of such cases. Extensive pipeline failure data from USA is shown and reported in Fig. 1. Excavation damage being termed as the highest cause of pipeline failures contributed 24% to overall failures. More of such cases are reported and discussed critically elsewhere [10–13]. In this paper, RCA of the fractured 200 scheduled 80 CS pipe of a typical oil & gas industry is performed. Through the visual and microscopic investigation, it can be estimated that excessive material loss has occurred in both failure and its adjacent regions, resulting in the formation of a through thickness flaw. To identify the root causes of the CS pipe fracture, the material and mechanical properties of the fractured pipe were first investigated. Hypotheses for the causes of the fracture are presented. Finally, based on this RCA, methods to prevent future fracture of the same pipe are suggested.
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