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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
قشر طبقه متوسط نوظهور در ترکیه: یک مطالعه کیفی در یک اقتصاد پویا
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
The new middle class in Turkey: A qualitative study in a dynamic economy
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Recently, there has been much interest in middle class consumers in EMs from many multinational enterprises such as IKEA (Rankin, 2014), Samsung and Unilever. This is because a robust middle class implies a dynamic economy. Today, examining the middle class evolution in both advanced and emerging markets is a fundamental task in international strategic marketing (Cavusgil & Guercini, 2014). Middle class is seen as an indicator of market potential in international business (Cavusgil, Knight, & Riesenberger, 2012). Cavusgil and Kardes (2013b) suggest that in addition to being the engine of economic growth and the stimulant of competition and quality products, middle class households are the sources of the entrepreneurial class and higher productivity. They also note that while signaling an improvement in income equality (GINI Index), standing for more vocal consumers and eventually more transparent governance, the middle class households are also the pulse of a progressive society. By 2030, about 80 percent of the global middle class is expected to live outside the developed world, mainly in emerging markets (Brunke, Van Dongen, & Downey, 2013). Largest of these markets are known as the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China). It is estimated that at least 300 million consumers are considered middle class in China and India. Middle class in China is not a driving force for political and social changes yet and mostly concerned with its social and economic status (Xin, 2013). Some 25 percent of China’s population is estimated to be the new middle class (NMC) who emerged over the last 15 years. Most own an apartment and a car but consume ‘excessively’ (Luhby, 2012). In India, there have been improvements such as greater access to education, rapid economic growth, and migration to urban centers like Mumbai, with a more liberal economy over the past two decades. The caste system may be loosing its importance (BBC Turkish Web Site, 2013). In Brazil, middle class is classified as the ‘C Class. They own household appliances, electronics, and desire to take holidays (Carneiro, 2013). In Russia, much of the middle class own a home and some 60 percent of their spending is related to retail sector which manifests itself in the explosion of shopping centers around the country (Kramer, 2013). The Turkish business sector has responded rather enthusiastically by catering to the new middle class consumption capacity over the past decade. The number of shopping centers, cafes, art galleries, fitness centers, rapid transitways and parks has multiplied. Home ownership has increased with the introduction of the mortgage system. The expansion of the middle class triggered
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کلمات کلیدی:
EconPapers: The new middle class in Turkey: A qualitative study in a ... econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:iburev:v:25:y:2016:i:3:p:668-678 by MM Uner - 2016 - Cited by 2 - Related articles Feb 22, 2017 - By Mehmet Mithat Uner and Aybegum Gungordu; Abstract: Although the middle class phenomenon is a widely investigated topic within a wide ... New World Bank Report Looks at Turkey's Rise to the Threshold of ... www.worldbank.org/.../news/.../new-world-bank-report-looks-at-turkey-rise-to-thresh... Dec 10, 2014 - ISTANBUL, December 10, 2014—Steady growth over the past decades has brought Turkey to the threshold of becoming a high-income economy, prosperity has been broadly shared across income groups in the society, and the size of the middle-class was doubled, according to a new World Bank report, Turkey's Transitions: ... The new middle class as a progressive urban coalition: the 1960 coup ... www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/1468384042000270335 by A Daldal - 2004 - Cited by 14 - Related articles 53000000Autumn 2004. AsliDaldal aslidaldal@yahoo.com. The 1960 coup d'etat in Turkey was a “progressive” attempt on the part of a “new middle class”. The new middle class in Turkey: A qualitative study in a ... - مدیریو https://modirio.com › کتابخانه Translate this page Although the middle class phenomenon is a widely investigated topic within a wide range of academic fields such as sociology, political sciences, anthropology, [PDF]A Cartography of the New Middle Classes in Developing and ... https://www.die-gdi.de/uploads/media/DP_35.2014.pdf by C Brandi - Cited by 4 - Related articles Upon closer look, there is not one new global middle class but a variety ... Figure 7: Middle class in Turkey, Mexico, Iran and Egypt in millions of people. (left) and ... Turkey's Middle Class Strikes Back - The New York Times www.nytimes.com/2013/06/06/opinion/turkeys-middle-class-strikes-back.html Jun 5, 2013 - Turkey's government is a victim of its own success. The growing middle class it created is now demanding a voice. Opinion: Turkish democracy's secret weapon: a strong middle class www.marketwatch.com › Economy & Politics › Project Syndicate Jul 26, 2016 - For Turkey's new middle class, the survival of democracy could not be more important — and, as their reaction to the coup attempt shows, they ... Reproducing Class: Education, Neoliberalism, and the ... - Insight Turkey www.insightturkey.com/reproducing-class-education...the-new-middle-class.../175 Reproducing Class is a neatly focused examination of the transformative ... Class: Education, Neoliberalism, and the Rise of the New Middle Class in Istanbul ... Searches related to The new middle class in Turkey turkey middle class growth turkey middle class population turkey average income
