دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین فیلتر کالمن از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
مطالعه مقایسه ای فیلتر کالمن و نابرابری ماتریس خطی بر اساس فیلتر H بینهایت برای جبران تاخیر SPND
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
A comparative study of Kalman filter and Linear Matrix Inequality based H infinity filter for SPND delay compensation
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
In Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs), the neutron flux distributed over the entire core does not provide an absolute value of reactor power. The neutron flux signal thus, heavily depends on the calibration with respect to some reference power sensed by other signals such as total thermal output of the core. Other factors such as reactivity device fluctuations, non-linear core model, uncertainty about reactivity information and sensor degradation worsen the overall situation. The reactor control or protection systems heavily rely upon the prompt and accurate information of neutronic flux for taking any control or safety action. The detectors used for sensing the neutron or gamma flux are known as Self Powered Neutron Detectors (SPNDs). These are incore instruments used for measuring neutron flux inside the reactor core and are primarily used for regulation and protection of the reactor. The neutron interacts with the SPND sensitive material and undergoes several transitions out of which some of the transitions are prompt while others are delayed depending upon the characteristics of the sensitive material. The term ‘‘delay” is generally used across the industries to represent the first order lag exhibited by the SPND output. The SPND based on n, b such as vanadium is slow responding and its accuracy in terms of signal to noise ratio is relatively higher as compared to SPNDs based on n, c, e. The use of vanadium SPNDs has been limited to less critical but important application such as online three dimensional flux mapping along the different geometric planes in the reactor core. Therefore, it is of much interest to develop a robust delay compensation algorithm for n, b based SPNDs to make them useful for safety critical application. A dynamic delay compensation technique to make use of these SPND signals into a more useful prompt signal has always been considered a good strategy. The most common delay compensation techniques initially used were based on direct inversion of the forward transfer function from input flux to the SPND current output and was introduced by Banda and Nappi (1976) for delay compensation of Rhodium SPND primarily used in Light Water Reactors (LWRs). The direct inversion technique provided a reasonable solution for SPND delay compensation; however, it is a well understood fact that this technique tends to increase the noise in the output signal if the measurement is affected by noise. The later researches in similar line were made to address the above issue by Yusuf and Wehe (1990) and Kulacsy and Lux (1997) by using analog techniques. The widespread development of the Kalman filters introduced by Kalman (1960) and later by Maybeck (1982) and Sorenson (1970), led to development of Kalman filter based delay compensation techniques which performed better than the direct
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کلمات کلیدی:
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