دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین فشار کاری کارکنان از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
چه زمانی فعالیت هزینه دارد؟ انگیزه در کار، تاثیر رفتارهای پیشگیرانه را بر فشار کاری کارکنان تعدیل می کند
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
WHEN DOES PROACTIVITY HAVE A COST? MOTIVATION AT WORK MODERATES THE EFFECTS OF PROACTIVE WORK BEHAVIOR ON EMPLOYEE JOB STRAIN
سال انتشار : 2017
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله فشار کاری کارکنان اینجا کلیک نمایید.
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
Proactive Work Behavior Requires Resource Expenditure
There is little doubt that proactive behavior usually requires considerable expenditure of effort, energy, and resources (Fay & Hüttges, in press). First, proactivity is future-focused: it involves anticipation and planning (Frese & Fay, 2001; Grant & Ashford, 2008; Parker et al., 2010). Anticipation and planning are higher-order psychological functions which require the use of cognitive resources, such as those involved in executive control (Diamond, 2013; van der Linden et al., 2003). Higher-order executive functions further require the regulation of a number of mental processes such as interference control and cognitive flexibility. The requirement to regulate multiple mental processes (e.g., anticipation and planning for the ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT PROACTIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AND JOB STRAIN 8 future, in addition to managing off-task interference) in turn necessitates the expenditure of resources (Vohs et al., 2008). Proactive behavior also requires prioritizing long-term benefits over more immediate outcomes (Parker & Collins, 2010). Having to dedicate time and effort to proactive work behavior means overriding the tendency to focus attention on tasks with more immediate outcomes, which requires a high degree of self-regulation (Inzlicht & Schmeichel, 2012; Muraven & Baumeister, 2000). Second, proactivity involves bringing about change, which entails considerable psychological risks for individuals (Parker et al., 2010). Change is often met with resistance from others (Bateman & Crant, 1993). This increases the requirement for individuals’ selfregulation, for example, because of the requirement to suppress expressions of negative emotions in interpersonally challenging interactions, or the need to present oneself to a skeptical audience, both of which require the expenditure of individuals’ resources (Baumeister, Vohs, & Tice, 2007; Vohs, Baumeister, & Ciarocco, 2005). Third, proactive behavior is self-initiated (Parker et al., 2010). This means that individuals need to decide themselves how and when to engage in proactive work behavior. Making such decisions requires the use of self-regulatory resources (Baumeister & Alquist, 2009). Parker et al. (2010) also argued that because proactive behavior is self-initiated, this means that ‘there is no one to blame’ if the proactivity goes awry. Such a strong sense of accountability for, and ownership over, one’s actions can also enhance self-regulatory requirements (Shepherd & Cardon, 2009).
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله فشار کاری کارکنان اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
Teacher Motivation: Theory and Practice https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1136314075 Paul W. Richardson, Stuart A. Karabenick, Helen M.G. Watt - 2014 - EDUCATION More specifically, one study shows that personal efficacy moderates effects of work stress on intrinsic motivation and job satisfaction; whereas collective efficacy ... Personality moderates the links of social identity with work motivation ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by PE Baay - 2014 - Cited by 7 - Related articles Sep 17, 2014 - In conclusion, work motivation and job searching appear contextually determined: especially among those sensitive to contextual influence, ... The Oxford Handbook of Work Engagement, Motivation, and ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=019979491X Marylène Gagné - 2014 - Medical Similarly, the IPSE has been argued to moderate the moderating effect of self-esteem level on role stressors (i.e., a three-way interaction) in the prediction of ... How Environmental Uncertainty Moderates the Effect of Relative ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5220515/ by X Chen - 2016 - Cited by 1 - Related articles Dec 25, 2016 - Moreover, environmental uncertainty positively moderates the effect of ..... Herzberg F., Mausner B., Snyderman B. B. The Motivation to Work. Goal Concepts in Personality and Social Psychology https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1317510224 Lawrence A. Pervin - 2015 - FAMILY & RELATIONSHIPS Yet, even a heroic work effort is unlikely to compensate for the absence of reliable customer ... Under conditions of low task complexity and low ability and knowledge, goals have a moderate effect on performance. 4. ... effect of work motivation.
