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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
فرسودگی شغلی در روزنامه نگاران: مروری بر مقالات سیستماتیک
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Burnout in journalists: A systematic literature review
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
In recent times there has been much discussion of the increasingly violent and fear driven nature of commercial news (Dworznik, 2006) and the media more generally (Furedi, 2006). The negative impact of news content on viewers has been a prominent trend within the academic domain (Newman, Shapiro, & Nelson, 2012; Smith & Wilson, 2000; Van der Molen and Bushman, 2008). There is global demand for up-to-date news, particularly when disaster strikes. However, often little consideration is given to the kinds of events and experiences journalists are exposed to in order to meet this demand. Past research and individual reports indicate that the potentially traumatic events (PTEs) journalists cover in their day-to-day work can have negative psychological implications for them, and therefore their families and the broader journalism industry. Psychological research concerning journalists has tended to focus on their exposure to PTEs and the associated individual level of trauma reactions and cognitive changes experienced, such as increased levels of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms (Feinstein, 2012; Simpson & Boggs, 1999; Weidman, Fehm, & Fydrich, 2008) or altered world assumptions (Pyevich, Newman, & Daleiden, 2003). A fundamental aspect of the work journalists do is to interact and form relationships with a wide range of people. These interactions commonly take place with victims, or friends and family of victims, experiencing some kind of news worthy crises or dilemma. Here the interest in not just on covering victims of large-scale disaster but also on general exposure to the broad spectrum of behaviours evident in society. It is not uncommon for local journalists to cover the same story more than once in some way or another over time, and therefore have ongoing contact with victims. This focus on getting the story from distressed individuals is comparable to the “relational transactions in the workplace” (Leiter, Maslach, & Schaufeli, 2001, p. 400) that play a key role in the development of burnout symptoms. Burnout is a concept that originally concerned human services personnel. The person-focused work of journalists parallels the experiences of those in the human services and is what makes journalists an important population when consideringburnout.However,unlikehumanservicespersonnel,journalists are not trained to make a difference directly in the lives of the people they work with, as they are there to tell the story and not to intervene. They also perform this role in an industry, and often organisational, context that individual reports have suggested is widely unaware and sometimes avoidant or stoic regarding the psychological risks of such work (Cooper, 1999; Matloff, 2004). In addition to this high level of PTE exposure coupled with reduced perceived efficacy to bring about change, there is a range of organisational and industry factors that make journalists a population of interest when considering burnout. And whilst important work has been done to assess trauma exposure and reactions in journalists (for a review see MacDonald, Hodgins, & Saliba, 2015), it is these organisational and industry factors that are omnipresent and increase general levels of stress amongstjournalists of all backgrounds and job roles and put them at risk of developing burnout. Indeed there have been a number of reports as early as the 1980s indicating that news organisations have sought psychological support services for their staff as a result of high levels of stress (Aiken, 1996; Shepard, 1999) and burnout (Wines, 1986).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Burnout in Journalists: A systematic literature review (PDF Download ... https://www.researchgate.net/.../297889474_Burnout_in_Journalists_A_systematic_litera... Feb 17, 2017 - Official Full-Text Publication: Burnout in Journalists: A systematic literature review on ResearchGate, the professional network for scientists. Burnout in Journalists: A systematic literature review - 100 Word Lay ... https://www.journals.elsevier.com/burnout.../burnout-in-journalists-a-systematic-literat... Burnout in Journalists: A systematic literature review. Jasmine B. MacDonald et al. Journalists are a population of interest when considering burnout because of ... Newspaper journalism in crisis: Burnout on the rise, eroding young ... journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1464884910385188 by S Reinardy - 2011 - Cited by 69 - Related articles The three-component Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey was implemented to examine burnout among newspaper journalists (N = 770). With a ... Newspaper journalism in crisis: Burnout on the rise ... - SAGE Journals journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1464884910385188 by S Reinardy - 2011 - Cited by 68 - Related articles to examine burnout among newspaper journalists (N = 770). With a ... Newspaper journalism is in a state of crisis (Alterman, 2006; Edmonds, 2009; Picard,. We Need to Talk About Burnout in Newsrooms – The Local News Lab ... https://medium.com/.../we-need-to-talk-about-burnout-in-newsrooms-5a4077c6b82b Apr 22, 2015 - In the wake of this week's Pulitzer Prize announcements we learned that two of the journalists from the winning reporting teams have left ... Study shows journalism burnout affecting women more than men | The ... https://news.ku.edu/.../study-shows-journalism-burnout-affecting-women-more-men Apr 9, 2015 - Female journalists are experiencing more job burnout and more intend to leave the field or are uncertain about their futures than their male ... Study Shows Journalism 'Burnout' Affects Women More Than Men https://pressroom.rferl.org/a/burnout-study/27477106.html Jan 8, 2016 - Professor of journalism Scott Reinardy surveyed over 1,600 journalists, 34 percent of them women, about levels of burnout, job satisfaction, ... Study On Journalist Burnout Explains Why You Hate Your Job So ... gawker.com/.../study-on-journalist-burnout-explains-why-you-hate-your-job-so--muc... Jan 16, 2008 - You make crap for cash. Your achievements are barely noticed. Your company's idea of encouragement is not firing you. The last time you ... In Online Journalism, Burnout Starts Younger - The New York Times www.nytimes.com/2010/07/19/business/media/19press.html Jul 18, 2010 - In a World of Online News, Burnout Starts Younger ... Young journalists who once dreamed of trotting the globe in pursuit of a story are instead ...
