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عنوان فارسی مقاله:

گرافن / کائوچو و مواد مرکب ترکیبی چند منظوره فایبر گلاس پلی پروپیلن


عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:

Hybrid multifunctional graphene/glass-fibre polypropylene composites


سال انتشار : 2016



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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:

1. Introduction

The use of inorganic fillers as reinforcements for polymeric matrices has been a common strategy over the recent years for the development of a new generation of multifunctional materials [1e3]. Glass fibres (GF) are used to reinforce polymer composites for a number of applications due to their high tensile modulus and relatively low cost compared to carbon or aramid fibres [4e6]. Glass fibre-reinforced plastics (GFRP) have thus become a commodity material in automotive, aerospace and construction industries. Such GFRP materials do not, however, have sufficiently good mechanical properties for some applications, have a relatively high density compared to carbon-based systems, are electrically insulating and have relatively poor thermal conductivity. The first isolation and identification of monolayer graphene by Geim and Novoselov and coworkers in 2004 [7] led to the development of few- and many-layer graphene for use as reinforcement in polymer-based nanocomposites [8e10]. In particular, the excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties of graphene have the potential to impart several desired characteristics upon the nanocomposites, such as improved thermal conductivity, durability, thermal stability and mechanical stiffness and strength. The preparation of few- and many-layer graphene in bulk quantities is still, however, a challenging task. Therefore both industry and academia are utilizing materials such as graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) that exhibit similar mechanical, thermal and electrical properties to graphene, but are significantly cheaper to produce. GNPs consist of short stacks graphene layers, while their lateral dimensions, aspect ratio, available surface area, morphology and properties make them effective for use as reinforcements [11e18]. A number of composite materials based on a combination of a number of different inorganic fillers have been developed over the last years. Such hybrid composites may involve quite diverse materials, while most of the literature reports refer to an additive (or synergistic) effect of both fillers, which acts to improve some of the final physicochemical properties of the composite material [19e26]. This method can be also used to balance some of the unavoidable disadvantages that a specific filler or process can attribute to the composite material. Pegoretti et al. [24] studied a hybrid filler combination similar to the one used in this paper, with the difference that the size of the GNP flakes was significantly smaller. Also the GFs in some samples were coated with graphiteprior to mixing, while a compatibillizer was also used. The authors found that there was an increase of the elastic modulus of around 105% in the samples with the hybrid filler, while the tensile strength was also increased by 16%. Herein, GNPs and GFs were incorporated in a PP matrix by melt mixing at different loadings both individually and together. The effect of each filler along with the hybrid combination (GF-GNP) on the mechanical properties of the materials has been evaluated by tensile testing and the orientation of the glass fibres was characterized using SEM. Raman spectroscopy was utilized for the evaluation of the spatial orientation of the GNPs, while an in situ bending procedure in conjunction with Raman spectroscopy used for the investigation of the stress transfer efficiency between the materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for the structural characterisation and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate of the dispersion of the component fillers. Finally, the glass transition temperatures and thermal conductivities of the composites were also studied.



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کلمات کلیدی:

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