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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
عملکرد تجاری فرودگاه ها: درآمد غیر هواپیمایی و عوامل تعیین کننده آن
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Business performance of airports: Non-aviation revenues and their determinants
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Background
Successfully, airport managers and retailers have increasingly seen passenger's stay at the terminal as key element to develop their operational approach. This has been the consequence of many factors such as the evolution of the airport sector from public utility to commercialised and privatised industry (Kolk & Van Der Veen, 2002; Graham, 2009), the decrease in aviation revenues that followed the low-cost revolution and government regulations (Sull, 1999; Francis et al., 2004; Doganis, 2006; Pate and Beaumont, 2006; Wallace et al., 2006; Graham, 2008, 2013), the underuse of many airports and their need to pursue financial sustainability (Papatheodorou and Lei, 2006; Castillo-Manzano, 2010), the reliance of many airports on LCC, especially secondary and small ones (Vlaar et al., 2005; Dobruszkes, 2006; Hunter, 2006). Today airports have increased dramatically their dependence on NAR, which on average account for half of all revenues (Graham, 2009) with this share being highly heterogeneous across regions and airports (Zhang and Zhang, 1997). After all, diversification of airport business through commercial activities has been proven to increase the efficiency of airports (Huang and Kuai, 2006a, 2006b; Tovar and Martín-Cejas, 2009; Brida et al., 2014). Consequently, the same design of terminals has been taking into account such novel needs (Edwards, 2005), with the check-in and departures areas being the most crucial elements (Bandeira and Correia, 2012). Retail plays the very major role, as it is the largest and most important commercial source (Graham, 2009). However, and unlike outer shops, airport managers' challenge is the achievement of a balance between commercial and aeronautical aspects, inasmuch as the retail function may interfere with the normal flows of passengers through the airports. In addition, other operational concerns regard the managing of revenues sources as single (total revenues) or dual (commercial and non aviation) financial entity (Graham, 2009). Related to the latter point, other decisive aspects are the choice between direct managing and concession agreements and their various forms, where the latter are prevailing in modern airports (Kim and Shin, 2001). Also from a theoretical point of view, the model where concessionaire subsidies aeronautical operations has been shown to increase social welfare (Zhang and Zhang, 1997).
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کلمات کلیدی:
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