دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین علاقه به موسیقی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
آشنایی و علاقه به موسیقی: اثر متناوب پتانسیل خلاقانه و آنچه که ارزش بازار را پیش بینی می کند
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Familiarity and liking for music: The moderating effect of creative potential and what predict the market value
سال انتشار : 2015
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Mere exposure effect: Music familiarity and music satisfaction
The first determining factors of satisfaction while listening to music were established by using the mere exposure effect paradigm (Zajonc, 1968, 2001). Based on research from the early century on music satisfaction (Meyer, 1903), Zajonc (1968) demonstrated that the exposure frequency to words was positively related to a positive attitude towards these stimuli. He concluded that: “mere repeated exposure of the individual to a stimulus is a sufficient condition for the enhancement of his attitude toward it. By ‘mere exposure’ is meant a condition which just makes the given stimulus accessible to the individual's perception” (Zajonc, 1968, p. 1). A considerable amount of literature has been published on the mere exposure effect, showing its pervasive and reproducible effect in different cultures and with a wide variety of stimuli (Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 2001). In the domain of music, this effect has been studied for various types of behavior, mainly concerning music satisfaction (Hargreaves, 1984; Hunter & Schellenberg, 2011; Schellenberg et al., 2008; Verrier, 2012), or affective response to music (Brentar et al., 1994).with the first exposures to a specific music, it seems that, beyond a certain frequency, music satisfaction starts to decrease (Zajonc et al., 1972). This specific effect is called an inverted-U curve and has been highlighted several times with different types of stimuli, including musical stimuli (e.g. Hargreaves, 1984; Hunter & Schellenberg, 2011; Schellenberg et al., 2008). These results are consistent with daily observation: if only familiar music was appreciated and positively evaluated, listening and purchasing behaviors would never evolve and would remain fixed on a single and static type of music. Creativity and innovation would thus be unnecessary, as well for the rest of the consumer goods industry (Hirschman, 1980). The inverted-U curve effect previously described appears to be moderated by two different kinds of variables. First, the method used by researchers to present music seems to affect participants' music satisfaction. Indeed, when participants are constrained by the experimental conditions to continuously listen to music, satisfaction appears to decrease rapidly as the stimulus presentation is repeated. In fact, Schellenberg et al. (2008) noticed this phenomenon starting from the third listening for the same piece of music. However, when people were exposed to the same music pieces in an incidental way, music satisfaction did not decrease after the first two plays. These results may account for differences between results found in laboratory and naturalistic studies of exposure effect (Bornstein, 1989). Indeed, in laboratory settings, the experimenters control the exposure frequency, whereas in naturalistic studies, the exposure frequencies are obtained through different methods such as exposure indexes (word frequency in a language lexicon; e.g. Zajonc, 1968) or self-reported familiarity, closer to an incidental exposure. In the present study, to investigate the exposure effect, we chose the self-report method to assess familiarity. Individual differences are the second kind of variables that ought to moderate the inverted-U curve relating exposure and satisfaction. Zajonc et al. (1972) observed that the classic pattern of response was only observed for one-third of their participants (Zajonc et al., 1972). They suggested that personal characteristics might affect the occurrence of such patterns. Among the characteristics that may modulate the classical mere exposure effect, personality traits have been identified as important moderators (Hunter & Schellenberg, 2011). Indeed, one of the Big Five personality traits, Openness to experience, was positively associated with satisfaction only in the case of initial exposure to music, and negatively as the exposure frequency increases. Thus, Openness seems to be an important moderator variable between exposure frequency to a musical stimulus and its related level of satisfaction. Interestingly, Openness also correlates with creativity in several domains (e.g., Feist, 1998), and is a central personality trait in creativity research. Thus, the present study aims to extend Hunter and Schellenberg's (2011) previous work by using a different operationalization of music exposure and investigating the moderating influence of personality traits, but also by examining the influence of other dimensions of participants' creative potential.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Repeated Listening Increases the Liking for Music ... - NCBI - NIH https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5374342/ by G Madison - 2017 - Related articles Mar 31, 2017 - We conclude that familiarity is the single most important variable for explaining differences in liking among music, regardless of the complexity ... Repeated Listening Increases the Liking for Music Regardless ... - NCBI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28408864 by G Madison - 2017 - Related articles Mar 31, 2017 - Repeated Listening Increases the Liking for Music Regardless of Its ... of familiarity and complexity, and that appreciation of music exhibits an ... The Subtlety of Emotions - Page 431 - Google Books Result https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0262523191 Aaron Ben-Ze'ev - 2000 - Psychology Momentary liking is positively related to familiarity, at least to some extent. ... An interesting study concerning familiarity in music may shed some light on the role ...
