دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین عاملدار کردن آهن از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
عاملدار کردن آهن از نانو ورقه گرافن با استفاده از پلاسما حرارتی برای کاربردهای کاتالیزوری
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Iron functionalization on graphene nanoflakes using thermal plasma for catalyst applications
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Fuel cells, and more particularly alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) form promising energy conversion devices already found in diverse applications, such as transport and portable electronic devices [1]. Based on the oxidation of hydrogen with oxygen or other oxidizing agents, they present the advantage of releasing water vapour as a product without any pollutants. One key component in AFCs is the catalyst that enables the hydrogen oxidation, and more particularly the oxygen reduction to occur at the low temperature of the device,typically 80 ◦C. Platinum still outperforms any other catalyst material, the drawbacks being price and availability [2]. Generally the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the limiting factor in AFCs, and requires most of the overall catalyst loading. Decreasing the price of the catalyst is thus one of the major issues that needs to be addressed to allow AFCs to reach larger markets. This can be achieved by reducing the amount of platinum used or by replacing the platinum with a cost effective non-noble metal catalyst(NNMC) [3–8], which is resistant to corrosion.The present research on NNMCs is mainly based on the enhancement of the electrocatalytic activity of nitrogen functionalized carbon-based matrices by the addition of iron. Iron atoms can first form catalytic sites when linked by four to six atoms of nitrogen to the carbon support; such active sites were studied by Jasinski more specifically for the activity of iron and cobalt phthalocyanine towards the ORR [9], while Kramm et al. evaluated and proposed possible active configurations of the Fe/N/C sites [10]. Unfortunately, it is very difficult to identify with certainty the presence of such sites in catalysts material. Iron can also be found in the form of iron oxide nanoparticles, which also catalyses the ORR [11]. Whether atomically dispersed catalytic sites or iron oxide nanoparticles are the active elements in the catalysts, the carbon-based matrix has to be resistant to corrosion and electrically conductive. Graphene materials provide good conductivity as well as resistance to corrosion from their relatively small defect concentrations, and so form excellent structures to support nitrogen-iron based functionalities and/or iron oxide nanoparticles [12–14]. Highly crystalline graphene has been shown to be the best candidate for the ORR because of its resistance to both acidic and basic environments, and its high electrical conductivity [15]. A common method to produce graphene is by the reduction of graphene oxide obtained by the exfoliation of graphite, resulting in a graphene containing a large number of defects in its crystalline structure [16].
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کلمات کلیدی:
Iron functionalization on graphene nanoflakes using ... - ScienceDirect www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926860X16304793 by U Legrand - 2016 - Cited by 2 - Related articles Nov 25, 2016 - The performances of the resulting catalysts are improved when iron is added to the nitrogen functionalized graphene nanoflakes. Iron functionalization on graphene nanoflakes using ... - ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/.../308736762_Iron_functionalization_on_graphene_nanof... Iron functionalization on graphene nanoflakes using thermal plasma for catalyst applications on ResearchGate, the professional network for scientists. [PDF]Iron functionalization of graphene nanoflakes in thermal plasma ... www.ispc-conference.org/ispcproc/ispc22/P-II-7-14.pdf by U Legrand - Related articles Iron functionalization of graphene nanoflakes in thermal plasma conditions for catalyst applications. U. Legrand, N.Y. Mendoza-Gonzalez, J.-L. Meunier and D. [PDF]Oxygen functionalization of graphene nanoflakes in thermal plasma ... www.ispc-conference.org/ispcproc/ispc22/P-II-8-17.pdf by U Legrand - Related articles Oxygen functionalization of graphene nanoflakes in thermal plasma ... The iron functionalization step relied on the dispersion of GNFs in a mixture of water and ... Effect of the iron precursor on the insitu functionalization of deposited ... ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7534194/ by U Legrand - 2016 - Related articles Graphene nanoflakes (GNF), a stack of 5 to 20 layers of graphene sheets with ... The GNFs are functionalized with nitrogen to support iron atoms and create ... Patent EP2867164A1 - Fabrication and functionalization of a pure non ... www.google.com/patents/EP2867164A1?cl=en May 6, 2015 - ... crystalline nitrogen-functionalized graphene nano-flakes is also disclosed. ... The preparation steps to introduce the atomic iron catalyst in the ... [PDF]Synthesis, characterization, and performance of graphene nanoflakes ... digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile117071.pdf as graphene nanoflakes (GNFs), were functionalized to achieve nitrogen sites that can be used to coordinate iron and form catalytic sites. The present research ...
