دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین صنایع تکنولوژی پیشرفته از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
آیا کمک های دولتی باعث افزایش بهره وری نوآوری در صنایع با تکنولوژی پیشرفته چین می شود؟
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Do government grants promote innovation efficiency in China's high-tech industries?
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Literature review
Several studies focus on the effects of government grants on innovation. These government grants support firm innovation through various methods, such as tax preference, loans that stimulate innovation, subsidies on innovation activities, and government funding programs (Beugelsdijk and Cornet, 2002; Romijn and Albaladejo, 2002; Souitaris, 2002; Wallsten, 2000). Guan and Yam (2015) investigated the effects of Chinese government fi- nancial incentives on firms’ innovation performance. These incentives include direct earmarks, special loans and tax credits. They find that special loans and tax credits affect firms’ innovative performance positively while direct earmarks sometimes have negative effects. Hsu et al. (2009) investigated 127 governmentfunded projects in Taiwan and showed that government R&D funding alters the behavior of recipient firms and affects their innovation. Doh and Kim (2014) explored the impact of governmental support on the innovation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in South Korea, and the results indicate that government support had a positive relationship with industrial innovation. David et al. (2000) reviewed the literature on the relationship between R&D subsidies and R&D expenditure within different levels of aggregation. A few studies reported the effect of government subsidies on private R&D spending, financing, and innovation at the national level; however, the evidence is insufficient at the industry level. The current study measures the innovation efficiency in the Chinese context and analyzes the effect of government grants on industrial innovation. Another crucial aspect of this study is the discussion of the differences of the effects of grants on the innovation in the five sub-industries. Several studies reported the effects of government grants on innovation; however, the findings of these studies are inconsistent because of differences in research objectives. Radas et al. (2015) investigated the effects of direct grants and tax incentives on recipient SMEs and the results suggest that direct subsidies used alone or with tax incentives strengthen the R&D orientation. Kang and Park (2012) studied the SMEs in South Korea's biotechnology industry and found that government R&D grants play a positive role in promoting innovation output; internal R&D human capital and internal R&D spending also have significant effects on innovation performance. Park (2015) analyzed the efficiency of government subsidy recipient, and found the efficiency of government subsidies among different recipients like university, laboratory and companies is different. Lichtenberg (1988) analyzed the relationship between federal contract and company R&D and concluded that government grants are not conducive to innovation output. Görg and Strobl (2007) and Wallsten (2000) investigated the relationship between government support for R&D and R&D expenditure. These researchers concluded that government grants may completely crowd out private R&D spending, and cast a negative effect on the firm's innovation. Yu (2013) revealed that the effect of government grants on innovation efficiency is insignificant from the regional perspective; these grants also have a negative effect on innovation at the regional level. By contrast, Guellec and Pottelsberghe (2003) quantified the effects of government grants on business R&D in 17 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) member countries. These researchers concluded that government grants can reduce the cost of R&D activities for firms and generate further innovation by motivating additional private R&D spending. Branstetter and Sakakibara (2000) analyzed the effects of the Japanese governmentsponsored research on firms by measuring the patenting performance of these firms. These researchers revealed that government sponsorship has a positive effect on innovation, which is particularly effective in basic research. Almus and Czarnitzki (2003) used a non-parametric matching approach to analyze the effects of public policy on the innovation activities of firms in eastern Germany. In comparison with firms without government subsidies, the innovation activities of government-sponsored firms increased by approximately 4%. Czarnitzki and Hussinger (2004) studied patenting performances of German firms to analyze the effects of government grants. Their conclusion shows that public R&D funding displays positive productivity effects.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Renewable Energy: Practicalities, and Energy Efficiency: Government ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0104008032 Great Britain: Parliament: House of Lords: Science and Technology Committee - 2006 - Business & Economics Government Responses; Report; 3rd Report of Session 2005-06 Great Britain: ... There are increasing opportunities for research funding on energy efficiency ... to promote innovation in low carbon technologies by supporting fundamental ... Water Technology Innovation: Funding Opportunities | Innovation at ... https://www.epa.gov/innovation/water-technology-innovation-funding-opportunities Jan 11, 2017 - EPA's Water Technology Innovation Blueprint presents some of these resources. ... best management practices (BMPs), and water and energy efficiency projects. ... competitive grants to non-federal governmental or nongovernmental ... to programs that encourage pollution prevention as a tool for ensuring ... Searches related to government grants promote innovation efficiency role of government in promoting innovation role of government in innovation government involvement in innovation government role in fostering innovation government involvement in technology role of government in science and technology role of government in technology development
