دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین شیوع و دلایل ناباروری اولیه در ایران از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
شیوع و علل ناباروری اولیه در ایران: مطالعه مبتنی بر جمعیت
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
The Prevalence and Causes of Primary Infertility in Iran: A Population-Based Study
سال انتشار : 2015
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Methods
The women were selected from the participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS), as an ongoing prospective population-based cohort study initiated in 1998 in order to explore the prevalence and risk factors of non-communicable diseases (Azizi et al., 2003). After obtaining the informed consent, 15005 ethnic Iranian residents aged > 3 y, of district 13 of Tehran city, were recruited and followed up at three year intervals; 4290 women, aged 18-45 years participated in the TLGS. For the present study, 1400 women were randomly selected using the systematic random sampling method. All unmarried women, those with unwilling pregnancy and duration of marriage below one year were excluded from the study. Figure 1 shows the process of the study. Data was collected using researcher-made questionnaires to obtain information on demographic characteristics, general medical, menstrual, reproduction, and contraception histories of couples. The content validity of the questionnaire was assessed by 15 gynecologists and reproductive health experts. The reliability of the instrument was determined using test-retest to determine the level of agreement between responses in a10 days-interval (r=0.91). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha correlation coefficient (α=0.79). According to the WHO manual for the standardized investigation and diagnosis of the infertile couple, the causes of infertility were classified to male factor, tubal ovulation, and endocrine disorders (Rowe, Comhaire, Hargreave, & Mellows, 1993). In this study, lifetime primary infertility was defined as the failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse whether or not having a child (Nygren et al., 2011). The ethical review board of the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences approved the study proposal. Study aims and methods were explained to potential participants, who were assured of their anonymity throughout the study and that they were free to withdraw at any time. Lastly, written informed consent was obtained from the participants.
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کلمات کلیدی:
WHO | Global prevalence of infertility, infecundity and childlessness www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/infertility/burden/en/ The difficulty to address infertility prevalence is coupled with the lack of consistent use of definitions and lack of common tools to diagnose, manage or report infertile individuals and couples, worldwide. Global infertility prevalence rates are difficult to determine, due to the presence of both male and female factors which ... [PDF]explained infertility among the couple attending the infertility unit of ... https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/JDMC/article/download/22705/15615 by A Sultana - 2015 - Cited by 1 - Related articles In 14.54% cases, there were no causes, and, therefore, remain unexplained infertility. Among women, primary subfertility was 68.18%, secondary subfertility was 31.81% and among men, it was 79% and 21% respectively. Most of the infertile couples (43.64%) were trying for 2-5 years. In this study, most common cause was ... [PDF]Prevalence of Infertility https://www.gfmer.ch/infertility/pdf/Prevalence-infertility-Vanderpoel-2012.pdf Aug 4, 2006 - Women. Infertile due to maternal sepsis and unsafe abortion*. (5 year secondary infertility definition). Ranking rises within populations of reproductive age. (15-45 years). (*did not include infertility prevalence in: men, primary or unexplained infertility, or other causes of infertility). First World Report on. Infertility Counseling: A Comprehensive Handbook for Clinicians https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1139458337 Sharon N. Covington, Linda Hammer Burns - 2006 - Medical Primary infertility is defined as the failure to conceive by acouple who hasneverconceived,whilesecondaryinfer- tility refers to the failure to conceive by a couple who hadpreviously conceived. In general, theevaluationand treatment of couples with primary or secondary infertility, as well as the causes, are similar. While the ...
