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یک مدل روان سنجی پیش بینی کننده برای شناسایی شخصیت و تفاوت جنسیتی در رشته های کالج
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
A predictive psychometric model to identify personality and gender differences of college majors
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Cattell’s 16PF The 16PF
was selected for this study because of its known psychometric properties, with average-scale reliabilities ranging from 0.69 to 0.89 and evidence of construct validity in a wide variety of applications (Cattell & Schuerger, 2003). The 16PF is a forced choice seven-point bipolar scale. As such, it attempts to avoid any negative connotations as to whether one trait is any better or worse than another as may be inferred on a five-point Likert scale. While most other personality measures have been designed for use within a specific clinical population, the 16PF was developed for use with a broad ‘normal’ population. Cattell’s 16PF was the result of factor-analyzing hundreds of everyday behaviors to find the fundamental sixteen primary traits behind them. He found these traits to be independent and orthogonal. Cattell then established the second order global traits known as the Big Five which has become a popular global measure in personality research (Costa & McCrae, 1992; De Raad, 2000). The Big Five allows for easy multiple regression analysis and interpretation based on five comprehensive traits (Goldberg, 1993), whereas Cattell’s bipolar scale of 16PF leads to more rigorous analysis and in-depth interpretation of 32 traits (Cattell & Schuerger, 2003). The difference between the two personality tests is analogous to the Big Five being a map of a large city while the 16PF presents a more detailed map of a neighborhood. The 16PF has been translated and validated in over thirty languages and found compliant with the American Disabilities Act, and for gender, cultural and racial biases (Cattell & Schuerger, 2003, p. 13). These factors have not been overlooked by previous studies measuring personality in a business related environment (De Raad & Schouwenburg, 1996; Noel et al., 2003 € ). In this study, we seek to compare personality traits between the most popular major in business, accounting, with the most popular major in liberal arts, psychology. For added comparison, we include the marketing major, which shares consumer psychology and analytical business elements with the aforementioned majors.
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