دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین شفافیت رسانه اجتماعی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
شفافیت و کنترل اجتماعی: رسانه های اجتماعی به عنوان آهن ربا برای مقررات
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Hyper-transparency and social control: Social media as magnets for regulation
سال انتشار : 2015
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
5. The duality of intermediary responsibility There are two prongs to the problem here. One is that the displacement of societal control can threaten the legal immunities that have contributed to the blossoming of Internet-based communications, including especially user-generated content sites. The other is that it can push intermediaries into overly aggressive, unaccountable self-policing, leading to arbitrary and unnecessary restrictions on online behavior. The challenges of Internet governance have revived pressures to look to intermediaries for control. Social media platforms are visible and prominent, and easier targets due to the problems of cross-jurisdictional enforcement and the problems of attribution. This has led to a growing number of political and operational challenges to the immunities of internet intermediaries, and to a growing effort to delegate regulatory efforts to them. Rather than being seen as a pillar of online freedom of expression, the classic immunities are now seen by many as either a “shield for scoundrels” (Ardia, 2010) or as some kind of infant industry protection that is no longer needed because the Internet is not new or special any more. The push for intermediary responsibility comes on four fronts: copyright protection, which seeks to make Internet access providers police users for illegal file sharing (Bridy, 2010; Horten, 2011; Mueller, Kuehn, & Santoso, 2012) or domain name registrars and registries responsible for illegal sites; cyber-security, which seeks to make ISPs more responsible for thwarting botnets and other security threats (van, Eeten, Bauer, Asghari, Tabatabaie, & Rand, 2010); content regulators, who want social media platforms and ISPs to block access to certain kinds of materials (Bambauer, 2009; Stol, Kaspersen, Kerstensa, Leukfeldta, & Lodder, 2009); and from law enforcement agencies who want a strengthened and generalized surveillance and identification capability to be built into intermediaries’ systems. The policy debate here is complicated by the fact that Internet intermediaries can and do take regulative responsibilities on their own, and this is often a good thing. OSPs can internalize some of the negative externalities of the Internet. In some cases operators may be bowing to irrational social pressures, but they may also be engaged in a legitimate attempt to enhance the value of their brand name and improve the quality of their service by discouraging forms of behavior that make their platforms unattractive or harmful to their users (Marlin-Bennett & Thornton, 2012). Facebook, e.g., has imposed restrictions on racist speech on its platform. Many Internet freedom activists want Internet platforms that make up a major part of the online public sphere to avoid regulating and restricting speech, while at the same time asking them to exercise certain forms of social responsibility (MacKinnon, 2012). Moreover, new technological capabilities make it possible for larger, well-capitalized intermediaries to define automated algorithms that scale up their control of mass interaction platforms. Google, to use just one example, has developed its ContentID technology, which allows copyright owners to register their works and be alerted any time someone uploads a sound or video file that matches the fingerprint of their copyrighted work. Even the businesses resisting intermediary responsibility can be subtly (and sometimes not-so-subtly) undermining it.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Transparency and Social Control via the Citizen's Portal ... - Bookmetrix www.bookmetrix.com/detail/chapter/935259a0-b4f5-4839-a639-da3e81f74f63 Editors, Andrea Kő • Christine Leitner • Herbert Leitold • Alexander Prosser. ISBN, 9783642401602 • 9783642401596. DOI, 10.1007/978-3-642-40160-2. War, transparency and control: the military architecture of operational ... www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09557571.2016.1230733 by D Öberg - 2016 - Related articles Oct 20, 2016 - War, transparency and control: the military architecture of ... giving rise to arguments that transparency enables violent social control. Drawing ... Hyper-transparency and social control : social media as magnets for ... www.econbiz.de/Record/...transparency-and-social-control-social.../10011497772 Hyper-transparency and social control : social media as magnets for regulation. Milton L. Mueller (Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Public Policy, ... Specialised Anti-Corruption Institutions Review of Models: Second ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9264187200 OECD - 2013 The First National Conference on Transparency and Social Control ... public transparency and engaging the society to monitor public management, which adds ... Transparency (behavior) - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_(behavior) Transparency, as used in science, engineering, business, the humanities and in other social .... Due to the digital revolution, people no longer have a high level of control over what is public information, leading to a tension between the values ...
