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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
سیاست حمل و نقل و حکمرانی در زمان آشفته: شواهدی از ایرلند
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Transport policy and governance in turbulent times: Evidence from Ireland
سال انتشار : 2015
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
During the twentieth century the car became an indispensable mobility tool facilitating both traditional and novel forms of social and economic activity. In many developed countries people’s everyday spatial mobility, such as their commute to work or leisure activities, frequently depend on access to a private car (Rau and Hennessy, 2009; Rau and Vega, 2012). At the same time, the disadvantages of car-dependent transportation systems for society and the environment have been well documented (Cahill, 2010; McDonald and Nix, 2005; Vigar, 2002; Whitelegg, 1997). Ireland has repeatedly been classified as one of the most car-dependent European countries (Campaign for Better Transport, 2011; Commins and Nolan, 2010) and transport-related exclusion experienced by car-less rural and urban households remains a significant problem (Commins and Nolan, 2010; Wickham, 2006). For instance, driving cessation due to ill health or visual impairment is a major issue for older people in rural Ireland, and this leads to a significant decrease in relative mobility (Ahern and Hine, 2015). This has led to recognition that “if we continue with these trends in transport and travel we will all suffer individually and the economy and society as a whole will suffer” (Department of Transport, 2009: 7). Interestingly, increasing car dependence coincided with the emergence of a view of extensive car use and the resulting unsustainable ‘consumption of distance’ 2 as unavoidable consequences of successful economic and social development that should be either welcomed or at least tolerated. While some disagree with this position, in particular those arguing for more sustainable alternatives to the car, many local authorities andbusiness organisations continue to push an agenda of road construction that fuse increased car use with economic growth.3 This starkly contrasts with international comparative transport research which highlights the significance of governance and power structures in the development of transport systems, thereby questioning the apparent inevitability of private car use and associated infrastructure development (cf. Newman and Kenworthy, 2000; Vigar, 2002). For example, socio-political particularities of places with comparable levels of prosperity produce vastly divergent patterns of how (much) people travel (Campaign for Better Transport, 2011; Rajanti and Wickham, 2002; Wickham, 2006). As Wickham (1999: 2-3) observes: [u]rban car systems are socially shaped. The range of variation that we find between European cities requires a socio-political explanation. Conversely, explanations which treat car dependency as the automatic consequence of economic level or population density must be rejected (emphasis in original).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Transport Policy and Governance in Turbulent Times ... - ResearchGate https://www.researchgate.net/.../285637077_Transport_Policy_and_Governance_in_Tur... This paper investigates transport policy in the Republic of Ireland. 1 1Henceforth referred to as Ireland. before, during and after the 'Celtic Tiger' era (1995-2007) ... Transport policy and governance in turbulent times - ARAN Home https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/handle/10379/5484 by B Heisserer - 2015 - Cited by 3 - Related articles Dec 8, 2015 - This paper investigates transport policy in the Republic of Ireland before, during and after the 'Celtic Tiger' era (1995-2007), to capture how the ... The governance of transport policy - Enlighten: Publications eprints.gla.ac.uk/43924/ by I Docherty - 2011 - Cited by 10 - Related articles Nov 16, 2010 - Docherty, I., and Shaw, J. (2011) The governance of transport policy. In: Geels, F., Kemp, R., Dudley, G. and Lyons, G. (eds.) Automobility in ... [PDF]governance approach to european transport policy - Europolity ... europolity.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Vol.7.No_.2.75-88.pdf by MM STĂNICĂ - Related articles For a better understanding of a Governance Approach to. European ... European Transport Policy is one of the E.U. first common policies, created in. 1957 by the ... our Governance & Public Policy research - Transport Studies Unit www.tsu.ox.ac.uk/research/governance-public-policy/ Oct 14, 2016 - Governance & Public Policy Research Theme at the Transport Studies Unit, Oxford. Work in this research theme is concerned with reduced ... Multi-level governance and transport policy: The case of local roads in ... https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/.../multi-level-governance-and-transport-polic... Italy is a multi-level polity where policymaking and implementation involves both public and private actors. Both territorial and functional decentralisation have an ... Special Issue: Understanding Governance at the Nexus of ... - Elsevier https://www.journals.elsevier.com/...transport-policy/.../special-issue-understanding-g... What forces shape governance of transportation and environmental policy systems and ... http://www.journals.elsevier.com/case-studies-on-transport-policy/. Governance and transportation policy networks in the cross-border ... journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0969776413490528 by S Dörry - 2016 - Cited by 11 - Related articles We suggest that the governance typology of Liesbet Hooghe and Gary Marks offers a useful guiding heuristics ... Transport Policy 19(1): 26–35. , Google Scholar. Ad Government Transport Policy Adwww.zapmeta.ws/Government+Transport+Policy Search Government Transport Policy Get Results from 6 Engines at Once Wiki, News & More · 100+ Million Visitors · Trusted by Millions · Web, Images & Video Multi SearchFind MoreSearch & Find NowRelated Info
