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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
سیستم CRISPR / Cas9 و کاربردهای آن در سلول های خونساز انسان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
CRISPR/Cas9 system and its applications in human hematopoietic cells
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Genome-editing technologies have emerged as powerful tools to manipulate gene expression for basic research and gene therapy. ZFNs (Zinc-finger nucleases) [93], TALENs (Transcription activator-like effector nucleases) [64] and CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-crispr-associated genes) are three most commonly used tools in gene editing over the last 10 years. Among these three, CRISPR-Cas, more specifically, CRISPR-Cas9 (Cas9 = crispr-associated protein 9 nuclease) technology is the latest player in the field [49]. ZFNs are the first and most established genome-editing tool. The ZFNs have two domains: zinc finger DNA-binding domain and DNA-cleavage domain. The DNA-binding domain (transcription factors) recognizes and binds specific target DNA sequence (each finger module recognizes 3–4 nucleotides). The binding enables the cleavage domain to break the double-strand DNA, which triggers DNA repair process, either by “non-homologous end joining” or “homology-direct repair”. Typically, the DNA-cleavage domain is the restriction enzyme ForkI [54,93]. The DNA binding domain in TALENs is TAL effectors built from arrays of 33 to 35 amino acid modules. Each module recognizes a single nucleotide. With different combinations of the modules investigators can target nearly any genes in a wide range of cell types and organisms. The TAL effector proteins are derived from the bacteria genus Xanthomonas. Similar to ZNFs, TALENs also use ForkI to cut target DNA [64]. Since TALENs are much larger molecules than ZFNs, it may affect the efficiency of the delivery of molecules into cells. CRISPR-Cas is a prokaryotic remarkable immune system that is used by many prokaryotes to detect and eliminate genetic intruders ([89,96,101]). Since its pioneers, Jennifer Doudna and Emma Nuelle Charpentier, published the first paper describing the application of CRISPR-Cas9 system in editing genomic DNA in 2012 [49], thousands of CRISPR-Cas9 papers have been published. This modified system has turned out to be a revolutionary biotechnology. Today CRISPR-Cas9 is considered the most efficient and advanced tool to target and modify genome DNA due to its simplicity, efficiency and versatility [22,27,28,34,35,46,50,56,99]. CRISPR-Cas9 was selected as “the breakthrough of the Year” (2015) by Science. In this short article I will briefly review the discovery of CRISPR-Cas9 system and then focus on applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in genome editing in human hematopoietic cells. For comparison and understanding of related research data, the applications of other two genome editing technologies, ZFNs and TALENs will also be described briefly
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کلمات کلیدی:
The CRISPR/Cas9 System and its Applications - Cell Culture Dish cellculturedish.com/2016/05/crispr-cas9-system-applications/ May 4, 2016 - Since then, progress in applications of genome editing (i.e. gene therapy) has ... Figure taken from “The CRISPR/Cas9 system for plant genome ... Development of a genome-editing CRISPR/Cas9 system in ... biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-016-0693-9 by Q Liu - 2017 - Cited by 1 - Related articles Jan 3, 2017 - Over the past 3 years, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has revolutionized the field of genome engineering. However, its application has not yet been ... The Development of CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Application in Crop ... www.chinaagrisci.com/EN/abstract/abstract19177.shtml by 景润春 - Cited by 1 Abstract In this review, the steps of development of the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system and its applications in various plant genomes were highlighted. The Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 System and Its Application in Animal ... manu22.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_xmsy/EN/abstract/abstract14003.shtml This paper reviews the structure and function of CRISPR/Cas9 system and the design strategy of Cas9 and its application in animal genetic engineering. Development and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome ... www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(14)00604-7 by PD Hsu - 2014 - Cited by 1410 - Related articles Jun 5, 2014 - Development and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome ... Using this system, DNA sequences within the endogenous genome and their ... The CRISPR/Cas9 Revolution: Cell Press www.cell.com/nucleus-CRISPR To acquire or resist: the complex biological effects of CRISPR–Cas systems ... Development and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome Engineering. CRISPR/Cas 9 genome editing and its applications in organoids ... ajpgi.physiology.org/content/312/3/G257 by E Driehuis - 2017 Mar 10, 2017 - CRISPR/Cas 9 genome editing and its applications in organoids .... The CRISPR system is characterized by a region in the bacterial genome ...
