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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
آیا درآمد تجاری برای ارائه دهندگان سرویس ناوبری اروپایی امروز مهم است؟
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Are commercial revenues important to today's European air navigation service providers?
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Funding of ANS in the European Union by commercial revenues
In general, there are two main models of ANS funding e direct funding from user charges and indirect funding from governmental budgets or specific governmental funds. Actually, the majority of ANSPs in the world are financed by several means, using a combination of direct user charges and indirectly generated sources.2 In the European Union, revenues generated by direct user charges for air navigation services (en route charges and terminal ones levied on airspace users) are principal sources of the ANSPs funding, which is fully in line with the ICAO's recommendations contained in Doc 9082 ICAO's Policies for Airport Charges and Charges for Air Navigation Services (ICAO, 2009). Between 2007 and 2011, the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1794/2006, laying down a common charging system for ANS, required the costs of en route services to be financed by means of en route charges imposed on the users of ANS and the costs of terminal services to be financed by means of terminal charges imposed on the users of air navigation services and/or other revenues, including cross-subsidies in accordance with Community law. The nature and components of other revenues were not defined by the regulation at all although, according to the regulation, member states were required to describe the income from other sources when they existed. Between 2012 and 2014, i.e. in the first reference period, the common charging system in the European Union was interrelated with the common performance scheme for ANS. In this period, the Commission Regulation (EU) No 1191/2010 amending the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1794/2006 defined other revenues as revenues obtained from public authorities or revenues obtained from commercial activities and/or, in the case of terminal unit rates, revenues obtained from contracts or agreements between air navigation service providers and airport operators, that benefit air navigation service providers with regard to the level of unit rates. Thus, the term revenues obtained from commercial activities (i.e. commercial revenues) was used for the first time in the respective EU common charging regulation. The regulation also required a description of revenues from other sources when they existed. Contrary to the previous regulation, the new rules enabled the funding of the determined costs of en route ANS by en route charges imposed on airspace users and/or other revenues. The determined costs of terminal ANS could be financed by terminal user charges and/or other revenues, keeping an option for crosssubsidies granted in accordance with Union law as set in the previous regulation. Under the common performance scheme in the first reference period, the cost efficiency of en route services started to be regulated as a key performance indicator at European and local level.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Airlines Continue to Improve Profitability 5.1% Net Profit Margin ... - IATA www.iata.org/pressroom/pr/Pages/2015-12-10-01.aspx Dec 10, 2015 - IATA announced its airline industry outlook for 2016 which sees an average net profit ... Major drivers of performance in 2016 include: ... Europe: European airlines are expected to deliver performance improvements with net ... The Economics of European Air Transport https://books.google.com/books?id=eOJRAQAAIAAJ Stephen Wheatcroft - 1956 - Aeronautics, Commercial In the first place, the revenues of the airlines at the present time are ... in this study has no connection with visions of how important air cargo may become in the ... The Sustainability of Air Transportation: A Quantitative Analysis ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0754649679 Milan Janić - 2007 - Transportation These measures can also be established for airline alliances and the airline ... has been institutionally verified by The Council of the EU (European Union), which ... 2.2.4.1 Profits, revenues and costs Profits The most important attributes of an ... Fast Facts | ACI EUROPE https://www.aci-europe.org/policy/fast-facts.html EUROCONTROL estimates that air traffic in Europe will increase ... in air traffic between now and 2035 is a major challenge for the European airport network. ... Airports typically rely on two distinct revenue streams: aeronautical revenues ... [PDF]Airline Economic Analysis 2015-2016 - Oliver Wyman www.oliverwyman.com/.../oliver-wyman-airline-economic-analysis-2015-2016.pdf Capacity Analysis: Europe. 58. 27. Capacity ... In last year's Airline Economic Analysis, we wondered about clouds on the horizon, and the ... Ancillary revenue continues to be an important revenue stream for the airlines, led by ...... based on recent historical standards, and higher than today, the airlines enjoyed relatively. [PDF]Environmental - European Commission - Europa EU ec.europa.eu/eurostat/product?code=KS-39-01-077&mode=view&language=en statistics on revenue from environmental taxes in the EU, based on the tax data reported to Eurostat in the ... Information about environmental taxes is important for areas such as environmental .... Other measured or estimated emissions to air.
