دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین سرمایه گذاری مکانیزم حکمرانی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تأثیر سرمایه گذاری های خاص، مکانیزم های حکمرانی و رفتارها بر عملکرد پروژه های نوآوری تعاونی
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Impact of specific investments, governance mechanisms and behaviors on the performance of cooperative innovation projects
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
3. Research design
The empirical tests involve a sample of high-tech enterprises in China, and Chinese context can provide a useful alternative to extant research, which relies mostly on large enterprises from the United States and United Kingdom (Mukherjee et al., 2012). Questionnaires were addressed to CEOs, top management team and R&D management members as well as product managers. These enterprises received a questionnaire and an introductory letter explaining the purpose of the research and promising confidentiality. Each set of questionnaires contained three parts: a copy of the questionnaire, a guide to completing the questionnaire, and a return envelope. The survey asks respondents to answer the questions with respect to “an innovation partner that you have recently dealt with in interorganizational projects,” which directed them to a particular partnership. After several rounds of communication during a period of six months, of the 472 mailed surveys, we received a total of 301 responses. After discarding 63 partially completed questionnaires, the final sample consisted of 238 questionnaires. The measures of the constructs were generated from previous literature and interviews to this research context. To further test the content and face validity of the measures, the researchers interviewed ten senior R&D managers and asked them to identify the relevance and clarity of the measures. Several ambiguities revealed in the draft were rectified based on their responses. The measurement items and validity test results are reported in Table 1. Based on Suh and Kwon (2006) and modified to fit the specific context, SIs include four items. Borrowed from Lui et al. (2009) and Liu et al. (2009), FC is measured with four items. The measurement of RT comes from and modified based on Gaur et al. (2011) and Yang et al. (2011). Adopted from Rokkan et al. (2003), modified to fit the specific context, six items are used to measure OBs. CBs are measured with six items based on Pearce's (2001) scale. Finally, PCIPs was measured by four items based on Chen et al. (2009), using the subjective scale. Subjective measures are used commonly in research on private companies or business units of large corporations (Yang et al., 2012). Previous studies have found a strong correlation between subjective assessments and their objective counterparts (Pearce et al., 1987).
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