دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین سازه هیدرولیکی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
فناوری های کلیدی سازه های هیدرولیکی پروژه سه دره
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Key Technologies of the Hydraulic Structures of the Three Gorges Project
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
The Three Gorges Project is located at Sandouping in Yichang City, Hubei Province, China. The basin area is about 1 × 106 km2 , the average annual flow is 1.43 × 104 m3 ·s–1, and the average annual runoff is 4.51 × 1011 m3 . The main tasks of the Three Gorges Project are flood control, power generation, navigation, and water resource utilization. The normal water level of the reservoir is 175 m, with a corresponding storage of 3.93 × 1010 m3 . The limiting level during flood season is 145 m, with a flood control storage of 2.215 × 1010 m3 . The total installed capacity is 2.25 × 104 MW, and the annual average generating output is 8.82 × 1010 kW·h. The overall layout of the project is as follows [1]: Flood discharge dam sections are located in the middle of the riverbed, while left- and right-bank plant sections and non-overflow sections are located on both sides. The powerhouses are arranged on the downstream side of the plant sections, while the navigation structure lies on the left bank. The Maoping Creek protection dam lies on the export of Maoping Creek on the upstream right bank. The underground powerhouse is in Baiyanjian Mountain, on the right bank. Fig. 1 shows the layout of the Three Gorges Project. The dam type is a concrete gravity dam with a total axis length of 2309.5 m. The dam crest elevation is 185 m and the dam’s maximum height is 181 m. The generation structures consist of a dam toe powerhouse, an underground powerhouse, and a power source station, which install a total of 32 units generating 700 MW each and two units generating 50 MW each. The navigation structures consist of a ship lock and a vertical ship lift. The ship lock is a continual five-step ship lock in a double line, with a one-way annual transport ability of 5 × 107 t. The maximum lifting height of the ship lift is 113 m and the maximum carrying scale is 3000 t. The Three Gorges Project maintains a world-leading position in many areas such as engineering scale, comprehensive utilization benefits, and technological level. Its design difficulty is beyond that of any existing water conservancy and hydropower project in the world. There are a series of challenging key technological problems in the design process of hydraulic structures such as this one [2]. The gravity dam, the powerhouse at the dam toe, the underground powerhouse, and the five-step ship lock are illustrated in this paper in order to show the key technology and practice in the design of the Three Gorges Project.
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کلمات کلیدی:
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