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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
"آیا حالا همه می توانند پرواز کنند؟" خدمات خطوط هوایی برای شهرهای ثروتمند در آسیای جنوب شرقی
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
“Now everyone can fly”? Scheduled airline services to secondary cities in Southeast Asia
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Deregulation, competition, and airline network change in Southeast Asia
The deregulation of aviation in Southeast Asia began in the 1990s (Bowen and Leinbach, 1995; Hooper, 1997). In the region's larger domestic markets, new carriers including Grand Air in the Philippines and Sempati Airways in Indonesia, were allowed to compete alongside well-entrenched state-owned airlines. Hooper (1997) argues that this shift in domestic policy across Southeast Asia was driven by the inability of the incumbents to keep pace with demand e especially from the tourism sector e and by a kind of demonstration effect fostering the global spread of airline deregulation. Additionally, the political environment in much of Southeast Asia was conducive to deregulation as a means of promoting economic growth (Bowen and Leinbach, 1995). The new entrants looked to the higher-yielding international market to balance loss-making domestic routes, but the deregulation of international routes was more laborious given the inertia inherent in the bilateral system of air service agreements (Bowen, 1997; Hooper, 1997). Nevertheless, opportunities for new carriers were opened in the 1980s and 1990s through the spread of liberalization from Asia's more developed economies (Bowen and Leinbach, 1995). As economies such as Taiwan and South Korea pushed for multiple designation in their bilateral air service agreements so that new carriers such as EVA Airways and Asiana, respectively, could expand, reciprocal traffic rights were created for existing and prospective secondary carriers in Southeast Asia.
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کلمات کلیدی:
"Now everyone can fly"? Scheduled airline services to secondary ... www.econbiz.de/Record/...scheduled-airline-services-to-secondary.../10011546121 Scheduled airline services to secondary cities in Southeast Asia. John T. Bowen Jr. (Department of Geography, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, ... “Now everyone can fly”? Scheduled airline services to secondary ... https://www.deepdyve.com/.../now-everyone-can-fly-scheduled-airline-services-to-secon... Read "“Now everyone can fly”? Scheduled airline services to secondary cities in Southeast Asia" on DeepDyve - Instant access to the journals you need! Six U.S. Carriers Selected to Provide Scheduled Flights to Cuba's ... www.wsj.com/.../six-u-s-carriers-selected-to-provide-scheduled-flights-to-cubas-seconda... Jun 10, 2016 - Six U.S. Carriers Selected to Provide Scheduled Flights to Cuba's Secondary Airports. U.S. Transportation Department delays decision on ... Air cargo - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_cargo Air cargo is any property carried or to be carried in an aircraft. Air cargo comprises air freight, air ... airlines, who additionally transport cargo on scheduled passenger flights. ... For much of the first five post-war decades most carriers saw it as a secondary activity, although there had always been specialized cargo airlines. Low-cost carrier - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-cost_carrier A low-cost carrier or low-cost airline is an airline that generally has lower fares and fewer .... Low-cost carriers often have a sparse schedule with one flight per day and route, so it ... The airlines tend to offload, service and re-load the aircraft (turnaround) in .... A secondary term "ultra low-cost carrier" (ULCC) has been used to ... [PDF]Airline Business Models - European Commission - Europa EU ec.europa.eu/transport/modes/air/doc/abm_report_2008.pdf Dec 17, 2008 - In the air service agreements, this was only allowed for scheduled ... A “legacy” or “full service network carrier” is an airline that focuses on ..... London area, where significant growth of secondary airports (Cologne, Dortmund, ... Interregional Travel: A New Perspective for Policy Making https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0309369657 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Transportation Research Board, Policy Studies - 2016 - Transportation ... large metropolitan regions have multiple airports with scheduled airline service.14 ... During the past 20 years, airlines have added service at secondary airports ... Because these secondary airports often have excess gate and operational ...
