دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین حرفه و سازمان از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
حرفه ها و سازمان ها: دیدگاه اروپایی
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Professions and organizations: A European perspective
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Theories of professions and organizations
But what exactly is a profession in this regard? Classically there have been great disputes over this term with the early AngloAmerican sociological literature based on defining such groups in terms of such unique characteristics as expertise and altruism that differentiated them from other occupations and enabled them to play a positive role in the wider society (see, for example, Greenwood, 1957; Goode, 1960). This interpretation, however, was seriously questioned following the more skeptical counter cultural years in the mid-1960s/1970s because, amongst other things, of the lack of agreement on the key aspects of professions; unthinkingly taking professional ideologies on trust; and failing to understand professions in the context of a conflictual social structure based on social class divisions e where professions themselves typically follow their own self-interests in increasing their income, status and power (Saks, 2012). As a result of such critiques of the more sugar-coated taxonomic interpretations of professions and the vulnerability of a number of the theoretical alternatives to these to the charge of being too abstract and self-fulfilling, the neoWeberian approach to professions has emerged as the mainstream theoretical orthodoxy in analyzing professional groups in organizational and other contexts. The neo-Weberian perspective on professions is based on the concept of exclusionary social closure drawn from the work of the late nineteenth/early twentieth century social theorist Max Weber. Professions in this respect are seen as being primarily centered on the establishment of state underwritten occupational monopolies in the market in neo-liberal economies, linked to the realization of professional projects based on favourable socio-political conditions and astute occupational strategies. In this process, professions are held to be able to regulate market conditions in their own favour by restricting opportunities to a limited group of eligibles e characteristically leading to an increase in their income, status and power (Parkin, 1979). This is well illustrated by the cases of medicine and law in Britain and the United States which are seen as key exemplars of occupational groups that have won monopolies in the market supported by the state (Berlant, 1975; Burrage, 2006). Although they vary in form from de facto to de jure monopolies and were established through the federal government and state-bystate licensure respectively, they share core similarities. They can also be seen as at the head of a hierarchy of professions in terms of power and dominance in the market, not just within national boundaries but also across international jurisdictions e including in Britain in relation to the European Union, with its mutual recognition of qualifications (Olgiati, 2003).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Relations between Professions and Organizations: More Fully ... https://journals.hioa.no/index.php/pp/article/view/150 by IL Bourgeault - 2011 - Cited by 20 - Related articles In much of the literature exploring the relations between professions and organizations, the relationship tends to be depicted as, or otherwise assumed to be in ... Communicating in Professions and Organizations | Jonathan Crichton ... https://www.palgrave.com/in/series/14904 12 results - Communicating in Professions and Organizations. Crichton, J. (Ed). This ground-breaking series is edited by Jonathan Crichton, Senior Lecturer in ... Three Lenses on Occupations and Professions in Organizations ... www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19416520.2016.1120962 by M Anteby - 2016 - Cited by 18 - Related articles Abstract. Management and organizational scholarship is overdue for a reappraisal of occupations and professions as well as a critical review of past and current ... [PDF]Relations between professions and organizations: more fully ... - Hal https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00742928/document by IL Bourgeault - Cited by 21 - Related articles Mar 3, 2016 - Keywords: professions; organizations; clients; relationships. In much of the literature exploring professions'1 work within organizations, the. papers online list | Journal of Professions and Organization | Oxford ... oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/jpo/jpo_papers_online_list.html Dinovitzer, R., Gunz, H., & Gunz, S. (2014) Unpacking Client Capture: Evidence from corporate law firms , Journal of Professions and Organization, 1(2): 99-117. Searches related to Professions and organizations journal of professions and organization impact factor google scholar
