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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
یک نقشه برای توسعه سیستم ژن در کلستریدیوم
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
A roadmap for gene system development in Clostridium
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
The genus Clostridium have long been recognised as a large and disparate grouping of bacteria that has representatives of importance to both human and animal diseases as well as to the industrial production of chemicals and fuels. Whilst the majority of those species responsible for human and animal diseases have been known for decades, in recent years the importance of members of the class clostridia in the gut microbiome has become ever more apparent [1,2]. On the other hand, the desire to exploit an ever widening diversity of species for biotechnological purposes has intensified. Of particular note, is the growing momentum behind the industrialisation of gas fermentation for chemical and fuel production using clostridial acetogens. Acetogenic bacteria, typified by Clostridium autoethanogenum [3], are able to capture carbon (CO or CO2) through gas fermentation, allowing them to grow on a spectrum of waste gases from industry (eg., steel manufacture and oil refining, coal and natural gas) to produce ethanol [4,5]. They can also consume ‘synthesis gas’ (CO and H2) made from the gasification of renewable/sustainable resources, such as biomass and domestic/agricultural waste. Acetogenic gas fermentation can, therefore, produce ethanol in any geographic region without competing for food or land. Indeed, the commercialisation of ethanol production from ArcelorMittal Steel Mill off-gas is now at an advanced stage [6]. When fully scaled, it could enable the production in Europe of around 500,000 tons of ethanol a year. Intriguingly, Clostridium difficile carries the pivotal genes required for CO/CO2 fixation, the Wood Ljungdahl pathway, and is reported to be able to grow on CO as a carbon source [7]. Given the increasing numbers of clostridial species that need to be more thoroughly characterised, either to counter the diseases they cause or to exploit their beneficial properties, the implementation of genetic systems is required. Accordingly, SBRC Nottingham has formulated a roadmap for gene system development in any clostridial species.
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کلمات کلیدی:
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