دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین تغییر و پایداری در صنعت دوربین از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
نوآوری و تغییرات تکراری در رهبری صنعتی: سه مرحله تغییر و پایداری در صنعت دوربین
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Innovation and recurring shifts in industrial leadership: Three phases of change and persistence in the camera industry
سال انتشار :2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Theoretical framework
In scrutinizing successive changes in industrial leadership that happened at the firm or country levels, we comprehensively identify explanatory factors at various levels. Several fine theories and frameworks have been developed, such as product cycle theory (Posner, 1961; Vernon, 1966), sectoral systems of innovation (Malerba, 2002), patterns of technological catch-up (Lee and Lim, 2001), and national innovation systems (Freeman, 1987; Lundvall, 1992; Nelson, 1993). However, given that our study entails both temporal variation (successive leadership shifts) and level-of-analysis variation (firm, industry, national, and international factors), no single theory may be adequate to explain the phenomena of interest. Recognizing a need for a more integrative approach, Lee and Malerba (2016) devised a new theoretical framework that captures the various features of dynamic shifts in industrial leadership. Their framework consists of two main components: windows of opportunity and strategies of firms. First, they further developed the concept of windows of opportunity, building on Perez and Soete (1988), as follows. As an industry evolves, one or more of the fundamental components of the sectoral system may change. This change paves the way for latecomers to catch up. Three windows of opportunity are proposed in that study: (1) changes in knowledge/technology, (2) changes in demand, and (3) changes in institutions and public policy. The second component that completes the framework is firm capabilities and strategies. In dynamic industrial environments, firms are actors that compete in the market. In this study, we distinguish the strategies of incumbent leaders from those of challengers, and discuss strategic interactions between them. Windows of opportunity and firm strategies are intimately connectedto eachother andto the cycle ofleadership shift (or catch-up) in industries. To facilitate analysis of these two important components of Lee and Malerba (2016), we highlight several important concepts about technological change. First, to assess the effects of new technologies, we make use of Tushman and Anderson’s (1986) insightful work;they classified technological discontinuity in terms of a firm’s existing competence. A competence-enhancing discontinuity represents “an order-of-magnitude improvement over prior products [that] build[s] on existing know-how”, whereas a competencedestroying discontinuity is a “mastery of the new technology which fundamentally alters the set of relevant competences within a product class” (Tushman and Anderson, 1986: p. 442). Incumbent firms in an industry are in a superior position to exploit competence-enhancing discontinuities, whereas a competencedestroying discontinuity, which disrupts the established industry structure, favors new entrants or latecomers.
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کلمات کلیدی:
The Innovation Challenge - Rising to the Challenge - NCBI Bookshelf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK100319/ America is a world leader in innovation capacity, according to several rankings. .... of barriers to innovation in the food industry, see Sam Saguy, “Paradigm shifts in ...... and funding) was a one-time, non-recurring event which has now ended. 7th International Conference on Knowledge Management in ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3642308678 Lorna Uden, Francisco Herrera, Javier Bajo Perez - 2012 - Computers Air and maritime domain cases revalidated the importance of leadership, trust, and proper ... In the last decade, service innovation has not only taken root at firms like BAE ... based business model across a firm, industry, or a completely different context. ... Four recurring themes stand out in interviews: Personnel turbulence, ... [PDF]Institutional Work as Logics Shift: The Case of Intel's ... - Spiral https://spiral.imperial.ac.uk/.../Gawer%20and%20Phillips%20Organization%20Studies... by A Gawer - Cited by 109 - Related articles change in institutional logics, and as they respond internally to logic shifts as they occur. ..... The locus of competition also changed, as much innovation became focused on ... This perceived lack of an industry leader led Intel to take the initiative and both ..... our case, Intel (1) sensed recurring external tensions with external ...
