دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین تغلیظ تعداد ذرات از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تغلیظ تعداد ذرات در نزدیکی فرودگاه سیامپینو درشهر رم
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Particle number concentrations near the Rome-Ciampino city airport
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Atmospheric pollution is one of the main environmental risk factors to human health (Lim et al., 2012). Long-term and shortterm health effects from air pollution exposure have been widely documented all over the world, especially among populations living in densely populated urban areas. Epidemiological research during the last two decades has indicated that exposure to air pollution at the levels presently measured in European urban environments is associated with an increase in mortality and with a variety of health conditions, including emergency room visits and hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Particulate matter (PM) is the air pollutant most consistentlyassociated with adverse health outcomes (Brook et al., 2010; Pope and Dockery, 2006; WHO, 2013). Typically, particles are classified into three main groups based on their dimension: ultrafine particles (UFP, diameter less than 0.1 mm), accumulation-mode particles (with a diameter in the range 0.1 ÷ 1.0 mm), and coarse-mode particles (diameter larger than 1 mm). UFP contribute very little to the total PM mass, but are very high in number, and can reach several hundred thousand particles per cubic centimeter in urban air, on episodic events (Oberdorster, € 2001). Due to their small size and consequent high mobility, UFP easily deposit on the lower respiratory airways and may translocate into the blood stream, if not readily dissolved. Therefore they may affect both the respiratory and the cardiovascular systems (HEI, 2013). However, the epidemiological evidence on the short-term health effects of UFP is inconsistent, mostly because of the lack of routine and standardized measurements of UFP in multiple locations over several years. Similarly, the evidence of the long-term effects of UFP is almost nonexistent due to difficulties in the spatial variability modeling of UFP concentrations (Ostro et al., 2015).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Variations in the particle number concentrations with filtered θe ... https://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v539/n7629/fig_tab/nature19819_SF10.html Nov 17, 2016 - The nucleation of atmospheric vapours is an important source of new aerosol particles that can subsequently grow to form cloud condensation ... Number concentration and size of particles in urban air: effects on ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by P Penttinen - 2001 - Cited by 194 - Related articles The median (maximum) 24 hr number concentrations were 14,500/cm(3) (46,500/cm(3)) ultrafine particles and 800/cm(3) (2,800/cm(3)) accumulation mode ... [Ultrafine particle number concentration and size distribution of vehicle ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25518646 by YQ Lu - 2014 - Cited by 1 Ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentrations obtained from three different vehicles were measured using fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS) and automobile ... [Variation of atmospheric particle number concentrations in Qingdao ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24720179 by XS Ke - 2014 Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2014 Jan;35(1):15-21. [Variation of atmospheric particle number concentrations in Qingdao and its impact on visibility]. [Article in Chinese]. Searches related to Particle number concentrations number density formula number density of gold number density chemistry number density of free electrons number density of electrons number density of copper number density of oxygen number density of hydrogen
