دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین تحریک پذیری کورتیکواسپاینال از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تغییرات در تحریک پذیری کورتیکواسپاینال به شرح تحت سربالایی مقابل ورزش سراشیبی تردمیل
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Changes in cortico-spinal excitability following uphill versus downhill treadmill exercise
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
It has been shown that physical activity, in particular endurance type training, enhances plasticity of the corticospinal (CS) pathway [1] and improves neurocognitive function [2]. Specifically, individuals who undertake regular physical activity are more responsive to experimentally-induced CS plasticity compared to a sedentary population [3]. The effects of physical activity on CS excitability has previously been studied using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which elicits a motor evoked potential (MEP) recorded in a relaxed muscle that is not directly implicated in the exercise (e.g. abductor polis brevis or first dorsal interosseous). An enhancement of MEP amplitude in non-exercised muscles shows clearly that exercise has an effect upon the neural control of the whole body and not just the specific muscles involved in the activity [4]. Exercise-induced changes in CS excitability in the primary motor cortex (M1)have beendemonstratedfollowing anacute bout of aerobic exercise. Additionally, changes in CS excitability were induced using non-invasive brain stimulation techniques such as paired associative stimulation (PAS) [5]. Previous studies have suggested that these changes were mostly mediated at a cortical level [6] and also via indirect trans-cerebellar sensory pathways [7]. Using this technique, a greater enhancement of CS excitability was recorded when a facilitating PAS protocol (PAS25) was preceded by an acute bout of aerobic exercise than when applied alone [4,8–10]. Interestingly, enhanced sequence specific learning when motor practice was performed after a 20-min submaximal intermittent cycling exercise was demonstrated by Mang et al. (2014). Additionally, this exercise enhanced the long-term potentiation-like (LTP) plasticity induced by a PAS25 protocol after the exercise [11]. In the same manner, an inhibitory PAS applied in stroke patients targeting the non-paretic limb during aerobic cycling exercise has been shown to induce a down-regulation of CS excitability [12]. However, Müller et al. [13] demonstrated interestingly that the LTP like-plasticity induced by a PAS25 protocol was completely suppressed if neuronal activity was already potentiated. These authors shed light on the homeostatic regulatory mechanism that drives changes in CS excitability in the human M1 as suggested by the Bienenstock-Cooper-Munroe (BCM) theory [14]. The aforementioned studies suggest that there is a potential interest in aerobic exercise and paired associative stimulation as therapeutic tools to drive CS excitability modulation and thus optimize neural repair strategies.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Central fatigue and motor cortical excitability during repeated ... onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mus.10124/abstract by WN Löscher - 2002 - Cited by 87 - Related articles May 7, 2002 - Abstract. A decline in voluntary muscle activation and adaptations in motor cortical excitability contribute to the progressive decline in voluntary ... Restorative Neurology of Spinal Cord Injury https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0199746508 Milan R. Dimitrijevic, Byron A. Kakulas, W. Barry McKay - 2012 - Medical Removing the sensorimotor cortex or cutting the corticospinal tract did not influence ... whether walking uphill, downhill, or running at different speeds (Orlovsky, 1991). ... play a crucial role in the control of the excitability of the spinal circuitry. ... The reduced release of noradrenaline and serotonin after spinal cord injury ... Specific modulation of corticospinal and spinal excitabilities during ... onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1113/jphysiol.2011.207472/abstract by J Duclay - 2011 - Cited by 44 - Related articles Jun 1, 2011 - Specific modulation of corticospinal and spinal excitabilities during maximal voluntary isometric, shortening and lengthening contractions in ... Uphill and Downhill Walking in Multiple Sclerosis | International ... ijmsc.org › International Journal of MS Care › January/February 2016 by A Samaei - 2016 - Cited by 3 - Related articles Jan 1, 2017 - We investigated the effects of uphill and downhill walking exercise on ... (2017) Changes in cortico-spinal excitability following uphill versus ... Search Results - Lepers, Romuald - Easy Find ezfind.technion.ac.il/vufind/Combined/Results?lookfor=Lepers%2C+Romuald Research report: Changes in cortico-spinal excitability following uphill versus downhill treadmill exercise. Authors:Garnier, Yoann M. a, b, Lepers, Romuald a, b, ... Papaxanthis C[au] - PubMed Result jneurosci.org/lookup/external-ref?access_num=Papaxanthis%20C&link_type... 3: Garnier YM, Lepers R, Stapley PJ, Papaxanthis C, Paizis C. Changes in cortico-spinal excitability following uphill versus downhill treadmill exercise.
