دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین بررسی دینامیک سیستم از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
درک ارزش از اجرای پروژه تحت عدم قطعیت: یک مطالعه اکتشافی با استفاده از دینامیک سیستم
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Realizing value from project implementation under uncertainty: An exploratory study using system dynamics
سال انتشار : 2017
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
3. Model construction
System dynamics modeling has been employed to construct stylized models of dynamically complex phenomenon occurring in organizations, e.g. Repenning and Sterman (2002). Stylized models differ from case-based models in the level of complexity represented in the model, as they aim to look for generalizable structures rather than focusing on specific regularities of a specific case (Kunc and Morecroft, 2007). Stylized models offer the possibility of experimenting with multiple situations with the intention of extract either general patterns or special situations where complex behaviors may be observed. 3.1. Stylized model According to the previous discussion, the project implementation system consists of three sub- systems: Goal subsystem (Strategic process), Project Implementation sub-system (Tactical process) and Investment sub-system (Resource Allocation process). As illustrated in Fig. 3, the output of Goal sub-system is Expected Value, which is defined during the project design and tries to align the project with the strategy of the firm but it can be modified accordingly if there is a change on strategy. Project Implementation sub-system includes the tactical activities to achieve the Realized Value of a project. Project Implementation consumes funds from the Investment sub-system. The deviation between the output of the Project Implementation sub-system and the Goal sub-system requires an Adjustment in the investment funds to narrow the existing gap, which is part of the remedial process. The three sub-systems dynamically interact with each other and affect the value realized in a project. Uncertainties are modeled in two ways according to their frequency of occurrence and feature of impacts: • Continuous uncertainties. Continuous uncertainties are disturbances to the implementation of a project, which are not significant enough to cease implementation, but they still require monitoring and control due to their long-term impacts. This kind of uncertainties is frequently part of any project implementation.
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