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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
اینکوباسیون دانشگاه منطقه ای: دیدگاه ذینفعان چند سطح
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Situated regional university incubation: A multi-level stakeholder perspective
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Regional University incubation
Over the past three decades, university incubation has emerged as a key contributor to regional economic growth (Corona et al., 2006; Liargovas, 2013). As a consequence, incubation models are seen as effective vehicles of job creation (Abetti, 2004) and as tools to initiate and revitalise industries and regions (Aaboen, 2009); thus emerging as one of “the mainstays of high technology industrial development' within regions” (Oakey et al., 2012:67). Conceptually, university incubators connect science, technology, education, knowledge, entrepreneurial talent and capital (Smilor and Gill, 1986; Mian, 1996; Aerts et al., 2007; Theodorakopoulos et al., 2014). They are embedded in a regional ecosystem composed of key stakeholders such as industrial clusters, universities, colleges, research laboratories, banks and investors. Thereby, incubators uniquely provide important links in the entrepreneurial value chain at a regional level (Phan et al., 2005). As hybrid organizations they are often established through collaboration amongst internal and external university stakeholders involved in university technology transfer activities, industry and governmental entities, and serve to promote technology transfer and diffusion into the local economy (Etzkowitz, et al., 2005; 2008). Traditionally, incubation models take the tangible format of a shared office space where nascent or University spin-out companies can avail of professional business support and advice, network provision and shared support services (Bergek and Norrman, 2008). However, in recent years, the viability of this approach has been questioned resulting in the evolution of incubation models to include virtual forms whereby nascent entrepreneurial firms can avail of incubation services without residing within a formalised incubation unit (Breznitz et al., 2008; Tsai et al., 2009). This evolution of incubation models has been informed by a combination of the emergence of the knowledge economy (Smith and Zhang, 2012), regional strategy and EU policy (Laursen, 2011). Indeed, examples of new and emerging incubation models include accelerators and technology trampolines which reflect a shift from tangible office space to more intangible, flexible and high value services which involve external knowledge capability building, experiential learning, networking and synergies (Grimaldi and Grandi, 2005; Bikfalvi et al., 2007; Criaco et al., 2013). In addition, recent emphasis on innovation strategies at the regional level (Rasmussen et al., 2014) and in particular Smart Specialisationbased regional innovation (Garcilazo et al., 2010; Camagni and Capello, 2013; McCann and Ortega-Argilés, 2013), have signalled a move away from universalist best practise approaches to incubation (Cooke et al., 2000; Asheim and Coenen, 2005). Indeed, business incubator models are increasingly seen as evolutionary, non-linear and interactive processes between various stakeholders in a regional context (Todtling and Trippl, 2005; Afonso et al., 2012; Carayannis and Rakhmatullin, 2014; Ivanova, 2014) where the model adopted is reflective of contextual factors. In seeking to define the relevant stakeholder groupings, we adopt and interpret the quadruple helix model from a stakeholder perspective consistent with Carayannis and Rakhmatullin (2014). Here university incubation is seen as embedded within the wider University Technology Transfer process involving academic entrepreneurs, Technology Transfer Office (TTO) staff, incubator staff, industry funders, regional Government policy makers and funders, and innovation users as suggested by Arnkil et al. (2010). Consequently, there has been a co-evolution of university incubation models as a result of negotiation and collaboration between stakeholders in a bid to enhance regional innovation (Miller et al., 2014) thus signalling a new generation of incubation models (Mian, 2011) which warrant further investigation.
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کلمات کلیدی:
[PDF]Connecting Universities to Regional Growth - European Commission ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/.../universities2011/universities2011_en.pdf This EU Guide “Connecting Universities to Regional Growth” has been ...... with regional authorities have the potential to move from being located in ..... Features can include specialist management, incubation and business support, links to. [DOC]The Role of University-Based Incubators in Emerging Economies www.crie.org.nz/.../WP%2022-%20Campus%20Incubators%20Hanoku%201.doc by H Bathula - Cited by 9 - Related articles Of late, a special type of business incubators namely University-based incubators ... the talent and resources that are located in the university (Lee & Osteryoung, 2004; ... “Business incubation is a business support process that accelerates the .... To strengthen the regional economies, universities are developing ties with the ... [PDF]Incubator Innovation - Supporting Entrepreneurship at AAU www.sea.aau.dk/.../306782_incubator-innovation---process-report---dennis-lyth-fred... idiosyncratic regional influences on university incubation models. ... case of the Chalmers School of Entrepreneurship, also located in Sweden, and how they ... The graduation performance of technology business incubators in ... https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10961-016-9493-4 by L Xiao - 2017 - Cited by 2 - Related articles Aug 31, 2016 - This study examines the effects of technology business incubator (TBI)'s ...... Situated regional university incubation: A multi-level stakeholder ... Business incubator - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_incubator A business incubator is a company that helps new and startup companies to develop by providing services such as management training or office space. The National Business Incubation Association (NBIA) defines business incubators as a catalyst tool for either regional or national .... Of 1000 incubators across Europe, 500 are situated in Germany.
