دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین افزایش ظرفیت جذب شهروندی سازمان از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
رفتار شهروندی سازمانی و افزایش ظرفیت جذب
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Organizational citizenship behavior and the enhancement of absorptive capacity
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Theoretical foundations
2.1. Absorptive capacity Building upon the work of prior scholars (e.g. Mowery, 1983; Tilton, 1971), Cohen and Levinthal introduced the absorptive capacity (AC) construct into the social science lexicon, defining it as the learning ability of firms to “identify, assimilate, and exploit knowledge from the environment” (Cohen & Levinthal, 1989: 569). Although the construct has evolved and been redefined several times, a consistent theme throughout the construct's development is that AC reflects the ability of firms to beneficially utilize external knowledge through the learning capabilities of exploration, assimilation, transformation, and exploitation (Lane et al., 2006). The first main component of AC is that of exploratory learning, in which new knowledge is sought, identified, valued and then, if deemed appropriate, acquired. Once new knowledge has been brought into firms, it is connected with existing knowledge through the alternate processes of assimilation and transformation. Assimilation occurs when the new knowledge fits within the firm's existing knowledge structures, which makes the new knowledge easy to absorb (assimilate) into the existing knowledge. In contrast, transformation occurs when the new knowledge does not fit within those structures. Instead, those structures must be modified (transformed) to accommodate the new knowledge. The final learning capability supporting AC is that of exploitative learning by which knowledge is applied towards productive scientific and commercial ends. Ultimately, firms seek to produce valuable commercial outputs such as new products, services, or other valuable intellectual property (for more discussion of AC, see: Cohen & Levinthal, 1990; Lane et al., 2006; Todorova & Durisin, 2007).
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کلمات کلیدی:
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