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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
بهتر بودن یا نبودن: شواهد قوی در اثر سو اعتیاد به گوشی های هوشمند بر عملکرد تحصیلی
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
To excel or not to excel: Strong evidence on the adverse effect of smartphone addiction on academic performance
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Smartphones have evolved to the extent where they have become an integral part of university students' lives. The latest data from the Pew Research Center shows that of smartphone owners in the US, 46% said that their smartphone is something “they could not live without” (Smith, 2015). Smartphones are used throughout the day for a multitude of reasons, including communication, productivity, entertainment, utilities, social networking, and gaming (Kwon, Lee, et al., 2013). A huge variety of applications (apps) is available for every possible use, age and preference. The smartphone's capacity allows for thousands of photos, songs, apps, and games, as well as tens of videos, a capability that is indeed gratifying for its users. This digital convergence is one of many reasons why smartphone ownership among American adults increased from 35% in 2011 to 64% in 2014 (Smith, 2015). In addition, 15% of young American adults between 18 and 29 years of age are classified as heavily dependent on smartphones for online access (Smith, 2015). With respect to the undergraduate population in the US, the data from the EDUCAUSE Center for Analysis and Research shows that 86% of undergrad students owned smartphones in 2014, which represents an increase from 76% in 2013 (Dahlstrom & Bichsel, 2014). This surge in smartphone ownership among university students triggered an interest in investigating the impact of smartphone use in all aspects of university students' lives, particularly academic performance (Karpinski, Kirschner, Ozer, Mellott, & Ochwo, 2013). For example, of undergraduate students who own a smartphone, 99% said that they had used their phone at least once in the previous hour during the course of the study period (Smith, 2015). Another study found that spending a fair amount of time on smartphones by university students while studying negatively affects their Grade PointAverages (GPAs) (Junco & Cotten, 2012). A Grade Point Average (GPA) is a standard way of measuring academic achievement by calculating the average result of all the grades achieved by a student. GPA is calculated on a 4 point grading scale where 4 is the highest and 0 is the lowest achievement. Furthermore, there were attempts to identify gender similarities and differences in relation to technology in general, and smartphone use and addiction in particular (Cotten, Shank, & Anderson, 2014; Nazir Hawi & Rupert, 2015; Yen, Ko, Yen, Chang, & Cheng, 2009). In an Australian study, gender was not found to predict overall time spent on mobile phones or problematic use (Bianchi & Phillips, 2005). The only difference this study identified was that females were more likely to use mobile phones for social purposes while men were more likely to use them for business purposes. However, other studies revealed differences in the use of mobile phones between males and females (Baron & af Segerstad, 2010; Fortunati, 2009). A multination study that included samples from Sweden, USA, Italy, Japan, and Korea, found some gender differences in mobile phone usage and attitudinal patterns, but indicated that in some cases culture could be a more explanatory factor than gender (Baron & Campbell, 2012). For instance, the study's results showed that in each sample of the aforementioned countries the higher proportion of heavy texters was for females. As for smartphone addiction, some studies reported that females scored higher risks compared to males (Fargues, Lusar, Jordania, & Sanchez, 2009; Leung, 2008 ). Our study aims to verify whether achieving distinctive academic performance is unlikely for students at high risk of smartphone addiction (Junco & Cotten, 2012). Furthermore, it is important to verify whether this phenomenon, which is capable of crippling the productivity of individuals and consequently decreasing the intelligentsia strata, is equally applicable to male and female students.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Smartphone addiction among university students in Riyadh, Saudi ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by FD Alosaimi - 2016 - Cited by 3 - Related articles To investigate the prevalence and correlates of smartphone addiction among ... among the 4 study variables, consequences of smartphone use (negative lifestyle, poor ... There is ample evidence that addictive behaviors and substance abuse ... The effect of smartphone usage time on posture and respiratory function https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by SI Jung - 2016 - Cited by 4 - Related articles Jan 30, 2016 - Prolonged smart phone usage causes faulty posture such as forward ... The adverse effects of prolonged sitting and a sedentary lifestyle on our ... To excel or not to excel: Strong evidence on the adverse effect of ... https://www.semanticscholar.org/...evidence.../e66bb310678e57fabf10468a5723e7ee... Semantic Scholar extracted view of "To excel or not to excel: Strong evidence on the adverse effect of smartphone addiction on academic performance" by Nazir ... Cybercognition: Brain, Behaviour and the Digital World https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1526414449 Lee Hadlington - 2017 - Psychology Divided versus selective attention: Evidence for common processing ... not to excel: Strong evidence on the adverse effect of smartphone addiction on academic ... [PDF]Smartphones' Effects on Academic Performance of Higher ... - jmest www.jmest.org/wp-content/uploads/JMESTN42350643.pdf by L Kibona - Cited by 10 - Related articles addicted to applications found on smartphones .... said that it had adverse impact like procrastination, .... are evidences that Smartphone usage is responsible. [PDF]The impact of smartphones and mobile devices on human health and life www.nyu.edu/classes/keefer/waoe/miakotkol.pdf to identify the side-effect of using smartphones and hand-held devices among ... is no direct evidence of between cell phone radiation and tumor risk, the ...... However, addiction and huge reliance on cell phones carry some risks on human.
