دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین استحکام گیاهی برای نیرو درگ موج از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
استحکام گیاهی و بیوماس به عنوان درایور برای نیروهای درگ تحت بارگذاری موج شدید: مطالعه فلوم در میمیک
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces under extreme wave loading: A flume study on mimics
سال انتشار : 2016
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
It has been widely recognised that the interaction of flexible littoral vegetation (e.g. seagrass, salt marsh) with both oscillatory and unidirectional flow in shallow marine environments leads to a reduction of water velocity and hydrodynamic energy (Lightbody and Nepf, 2006; Möller et al., 1999; Yang et al., 2012). Moreover, recently Möller et al. (2014) showed that a transplanted salt marsh is even capable of substantial wave height reduction under simulated storm surge conditions. Given the increasing need for coastal protection, there is high interest in nature-based coastal defence. Using intertidal vegetation in such schemes is one of the most promising approaches to date (Barbier et al., 2008; Bouma et al., 2014; Temmerman et al., 2013). However, implementing such nature-based coastal defence schemes requires high quality modelling capability of flow and wave dissipation by vegetation fields, and hence a mechanistic understanding of vegetationhydrodynamic interaction. The flow reducing capacity of vegetation is based on the drag the vegetation exerts on the flow (either unidirectional or oscillatory) which can be expressed by the drag coefficient CD. In return, the vegetation canopy is exposed to these drag forces and its resistance to these determines its survival (Callaghan et al., 2007; Denny et al., 1998). Estimation of these forces has therefore received considerable attention from both the hydraulic (Chen et al., 2011; Henry and Myrhaug, 2013; Siniscalchi et al., 2012) and ecological (Carrington, 1990; Gaylord et al., 2003; Sand-Jensen, 2003) research communities. The drag expressed by CD can be used to estimate the rate of frictional dissipation which leads to the reduction of wave energy (Dalrymple et al., 1984). Several models have been developed to estimate CD from wave and vegetation parameters (Dalrymple et al., 1984; Kobayashi et al., 1993; Maza et al., 2013; Méndez and Losada, 2004), expressed as a function of either the Reynolds number Re or the KeuleganCarpenter number KC (see Henry et al. (2015) for a comprehensive review). These models have been applied to wave dissipation datasets from both field (Bradley and Houser, 2009; Paul and Amos, 2011) and laboratory studies (Augustin et al., 2009; Houser et al., 2015; Stratigaki et al., 2011) in low to medium energy wave conditions. Dissipation of waves with heights in excess of 20 cm in water depths N 1 m above a typical salt marsh canopy has so far only been measured by Möller et al. (2014) in a large wave flume, and by Yang et al. (2012) in the field. Möller et al. (2014) show that under high incident wave energy levels the structural integrity of the vegetation elements is exceeded and plant elements begin to fold and break, rather than flex and bend as they do in response to low to medium energy conditions. As vegetation response changes with changing hydrodynamic forcing, a drag coeffi- cient which assumes plant rigidity can thus not necessarily be used to calculate the drag forces acting on the vegetation, particularly when extrapolating to extreme conditions (Bell, 1999). It is thus necessary to determine the drag forces acting on salt marsh vegetation directly, in order to assess its susceptibility to physical damage during storm surges. Only then will it be possible to properly assess vegetation resilience under such conditions.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces under extreme ... www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383916301442 by M Paul - 2016 - Cited by 2 - Related articles Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces under extreme wave loading: A flume study on mimics. Maike Paul, ,, ,; Franziska Rupprecht,; Iris Möller, ... Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces under extreme ... https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000067898 Translate this page Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces under extreme wave loading: A flume study on mimics. Paul, Maike; Rupprecht, Franziska; Möller, Iris; ... [PDF]PLANT PARAMETERS AS DRIVERS FOR DRAG FORCES UNDER ... proceedings.ise2016.org/papers/25918.pdf Here we present direct drag force measurements under high wave loading on ... vegetation stiffness (and resulting frontal area) and biomass are key drivers in ... drag measurements in this study also covered wave loading under extreme ... Drag forces under extreme wave loading | Maike Paul, PhD https://maikepaul.wordpress.com/2016/08/07/drag-forces-under-extreme-wave-loading/ Aug 7, 2016 - Another paper from the salt marsh experiment just got published in Coastal Engineering: Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces ... Plant parameters as drivers for drag forces under extreme wave loading https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=677456013231232;res... by M Paul - 2016 - Related articles Here we present direct drag force measurements under high wave loading on artificial vegetation of varying stiffness, frontal area and above ground biomass. FZK - Schimmels https://www.fzk.uni-hannover.de/schimmels.html?&tx_tkinstpersonen...88&tx... ... S. (2016): Plant stiffness and biomass as drivers for drag forces under extreme wave loading: A flume study on mimics, Coastal Engineering 117 (2016) 70–78
