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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
ارزش گذاری ضایعات میوه و سبزیجات از بازارهای باز برای تولید 2،3-بوتان دیول
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Title: Valorisation of fruit and vegetable waste from open markets for the production of 2,3-butanediol
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Materials and methods
2.1 Fruit and vegetable pretreatment Vegetables and fruits were selected from the central open market in Athens, Greece. The vegetables collected were broccoli (80%), cabbage (5%), lettuce (4%), fresh beans (2%), corn salad and tat soi salad (2%), cabbage (2%), carrots (2%), peppers (red and green) (2%) and eggplants (1%). Broccoli was the main fraction of the vegetables that were collected, thus the pretreatment protocol was developed using broccoli. The broccoli was initially chopped in small pieces and subsequently macerated using a blender. The macerated broccoli was suspended in water to 50 g/L or 100 g/L initial solids concentration (on a dry basis). This suspension was subsequently treated with different H2SO4 concentrations (0.5%, 1 %, 3 % and 7 % v/v) at 121 oC for 30 min in order to determine the best combination of sugar release conditions. The conditions that achieved the highest sugar release were also applied to the mixture of macerated and homogenised vegetables collected from the open market. The produced hydrolysate was centrifuged to separate the remaining solids and the supernatant was stored at -20 oC. The mixed sugars (6.08 g/L) contained in the supernatant of optimised mixed vegetable hydrolysate were glucose (0.6 g/L), fructose (0.6 g/L), xylose (0.77 g/L) , galactose (2.46 g/L) and arabinose (1.65 g/L). The mixed vegetable hydrolysate was 7 concentrated via rotary vacuum evaporation to total sugar concentration of either 15 g/L that was used as fermentation substrate in shake flask and fed-batch bioreactor cultures or 300 g/L that was used as feeding medium in the fed-batch bioreactor fermentation. The fruits collected were plums, apples and pears. All fruits were macerated and homogenised using a blender. The macerated mixture was diluted with tap water at a solid to liquid ratio of 1:4 and the macerated fruit aqueous suspension was left in the fridge for at least 6 h. The suspension was subsequently centrifuged and the supernatant was stored at -20 oC for further use as fermentation substrate. The mixed sugars (around 80.5 g/L) contained in the supernatant derived from the fruits were glucose (32.7 g/L), fructose (44.6 g/L) and sucrose (3.6 g/L). The fruit extract was diluted to initial total sugar concentration of 25 g/L or 50 g/L in the case of shake flask fermentations. In the case of fed-batch bioreactor culture, the fruit extract was diluted to a total sugar fermentation of 28.5 g/L at the beginning of fermentation, while a fraction of the fruit extract was concentrated via rotary vacuum evaporation to a total sugar concentration of 600 g/L that was used as concentrated feeding solution.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Investigation of Biogas Generation from the Waste of a Vegetable and ... https://www.omicsonline.org/open.../investigation-of-biogas-generation-from-the-was... ... in a rural vegetable and cattle market, and biogas generation from the waste ... dumping the wastes on nearby road side/open area or into khal/river causing ... Fruit and Vegetable Marketing for Small-Scale and Part-Time Growers https://extension.psu.edu/fruit-and-vegetable-marketing-for-small-scale-and-part-time... Aug 14, 2017 - Some farmers, such as cash grain farmers or dairy farmers, have large, ... Fruits and vegetables are produced seasonally, but the market requires .... to grow slowly, which may result in product waste during the first few years. How 'Ugly' Fruits and Vegetables Can Help Solve World Hunger https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2016/03/global-food-waste-statistics/ Mar 1, 2016 - About a third of the planet's food goes to waste, often because of its looks. ... Picture of imperfect-looking produce that will not make it to markets ... His next stop: the Union Square farmers market, where he spies a chef ... Searches related to vegetable waste from open markets for the production types of waste generated in vegetable market fruit and vegetable business plan
