دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین ارزش فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات چقدر ارزشمند است؟ مطالعه در حال ظهور بنگاههای اقتصاد
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
How valuable is information and communication technology? A study of emerging economy enterprises
سال انتشار : 2015
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی :
2. Theoretical development
2.1. ICT in emerging economies A major characteristic of emerging economies is their recent transitions toward market-friendly institutions, which are accompanied by relatively fast economic growth rate (Hoskisson et al., 2000; Wright, Filatotchev, Hoskisson, & Peng, 2005). The institutions, commonly known as the “rules of the game” (North, 1990), are changing as a result of such transitions, and not fully known (Peng, Wang, & Jiang, 2008). Moreover, the rapid development of economies, the explosion in consumer demand, and the surging foreign direct investment all contribute to the dynamism of emerging markets. As argued by Duncan (1972), environmental dynamism is a critical contributor to the uncertainty facing the firm. Thus, compared with developed country firms, EEEs are expected to face greater uncertainty due to higher dynamism in both market and institutional environments. On the other hand, the relatively weak institutions of emerging economies, including, for example, underdeveloped factor markets, inefficient legal framework and its enforcement, weak intellectual property rights system, and information asymmetry (Khanna & Palepu, 1997), fail to ensure effective markets and may even undermine markets (Meyer, Estrin, Bhaumik, & Peng, 2009). To compensate for weak institutional support, EEEs are forced to rely more heavily on embeddedness in an inter-organizational or interpersonal network that facilitates collaboration and reciprocity, and that serves as an important substitute for the insufficient formal institutions.2 Inevitably, such network-based strategies increase interdependence between network members. According to information processing logic (Tushman & Nadler, 1978), both environmental uncertainty and interdependence give rise to the greater extent of uncertainty that organizations face, thus leading to greater information processing requirements. More importantly, as organizational effectiveness is associated with the fit or match between information processing requirements and information processing capacity, EEEs are required to enhance their information processing capacities through building up organismic structures that are very well coordinated. Specifically, either highly connected (organismic) communication networks or effective coordinating and control mechanisms cannot be realized without properly implemented information systems and communication tools (Tushman & Nadler, 1978).
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کلمات کلیدی:
Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017: ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3319511688 Roland Schegg, Brigitte Stangl - 2017 - Business & Economics This information can be used not only to offer better experiences to tourists, but also to ... Finally, in order to provide an additional valuable information source for ... Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 1998: ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3709175046 Dimitrios Buhalis, Min A Tjoa, Jafar Jafari - 2012 - Computers Clients can now answer their own questions. d) While it reduces valuable human contact with important clients, the type of contact it is replacing is usually a ... Information and Communication Technologies in Action: Linking ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1135889449 Larry D. Browning, Alf Steinar Saetre, Keri Stephens - 2010 - Language Arts & Disciplines The value ofprimary information sources is at least twofold: (1) the information is ... he is constantly on the lookout for valuable information: Iscan and search a lot ... Information and Communications Security: 14th International ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3642341292 Tat Wing Chim, Tsz Hon Yuen - 2012 - Computers The valuable information to an outsider is that these two companies are ... by Apple or Intel is sufficient evidence to prove the authenticity of the information. Advances in Security of Information and Communication Networks: ... https://books.google.com/books?isbn=3642405975 Ali Ismail Awad, Aboul-Ella Hassanien, Kensuke Baba - 2013 - Computers The OWASP Top Ten is a valuable document for developers and testers ... sends a malicious input or script to the application to get some valuable information. Searches related to valuable is information and communication importance of information technology in communication what are the advantages of information and communication technology importance of ict in business communication information and communication technology (ict) pdf role of information and communication technology role of information technology in communication ppt information and communication technology pdf books role of information and communication technology in education
