دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین اختلال مغزی از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
فسفولیپاز C اولیه و اختلالات مغزی
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Primary phospholipase C and brain disorders
سال انتشار : 2015
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مقدمه انگلیسی مقاله:
1. Introduction
Neuronal activity affects gene transcription and local protein synthesis of synaptic molecules, which ultimately regulates synaptic function and development in the brain. Neuronal activity-dependent release of large numbers of extracellular ligands (e.g., neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and hormones) affects neuronal development, synapse function, and neurological disorders (Flavell and Greenberg, 2008). These extracellular ligands activate the primary phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes, PLCb (1e4) and PLCg (1 and 2), through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) (Follo et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2013). Activation of PLCb or PLCg cleaves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into the second messengers, diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), which play key roles in intracellular signal transduction. Although PLCb and PLCg isozymes have similar catalytic functions, several studies have reported their ability to play strikingly different roles in the brain. PLCb1 is detected at high levels within several regions of the brain including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, lateral septum, and the olfactory bulb (Ross et al., 1989). Disruption of PLCb1- mediated signaling in the brain is associated with epilepsy, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder (Garcia del Cano et al., 2014; Kim et al., 1997; Kurian et al., 2010; Lo Vasco et al., 2013; Poduri et al., 2012). PLCb4 is expressed at high levels in the retina cerebellum, but is rarely detected in the forebrain (Tanaka and Kondo, 1994). The expression patterns of PLCb4 reflect its functional roles, with dysfunction of PLCb4 linked to ataxia, absence seizures, and visual processing defects (Cheong et al., 2009; Jiang et al., 1996; Kim et al., 1997). Furthermore, abnormal expression of PLCb4 was observed in individuals with Huntington's disease (Marchina et al., 2014). PLCg1 is expressed in the forebrain, specifically in the cortex and hippocampus (Jang et al., 2013; Suh et al., 2008). Genetic studies suggest that PLCg1 is involved in the development of several brain disorders including epilepsy, bipolar disorder, Huntington's disease, and depression (Giralt et al., 2009; He et al., 2010; Rantamaki et al., 2007; Turecki et al., 1998). In this review, we discuss the potential roles of PLCb1, PLCb4, and PLCg1 in brain function and brain disorders.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Phosphoinositide phospholipase C - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoinositide_phospholipase_C Phosphoinositide phospholipase C (PLC) is a family of eukaryotic intracellular enzymes that play an important role in signal transduction processes. Phospholipase C Signaling and Calcium Influx - NCBI - NIH https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC) by JW Putney - 2012 - Cited by 25 - Related articles Sep 12, 2011 - Phospholipase C is a truly remarkable signalling moiety. We know of no other single enzyme that can produce (or modulate), directly, three ... Phospholipase C is a key enzyme regulating intracellular calcium and ... https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553968 Prog Lipid Res. 2010 Oct;49(4):429-37. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2010.06.001. Epub 2010 Jun 8. Phospholipase C is a key enzyme regulating intracellular calcium ... Images for phospholipase C Image result for phospholipase C Image result for phospholipase C Image result for phospholipase C Image result for phospholipase C Image result for phospholipase C More images for phospholipase C Report images Secondary Messenger System: Phospholipase C Mechanism Tutorial ... https://www.sophia.org/.../secondary-messenger-system-phospholipase-c-mechani--2 know what the components of the phospholipase C mechanism are. - know which chemical messages utilize this system. This packet covers the phospholipase ...
