دانلود رایگان مقاله لاتین اثر اقتصادی ناشی از پذیرش عدالت از سایت الزویر
عنوان فارسی مقاله:
شناسایی تاثیرات اقتصادی ناشی از پذیرش عدالت در مقابل نیاز به روش های پرداخت مجوز مرسوم
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Identifying economic ramifications resulting from accepting equity vs. requiring traditional licensing payment methods
سال انتشار : 2016
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله اثر اقتصادی ناشی از پذیرش عدالت اینجا کلیک نمایید.
بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Method
2.1. Research design This study was conducted with a non-experimental, causal-comparative research design (Creswell, 2009; Johnson & Christensen, 2012). The two categorical independent variables for this study were universities that have a policy and a practice of accepting equity as payment for the right to market a particular technology or invention and universities that, as a strictly enforced policy, only accept licensing fees and running royalties as payment for their intellectual property. In nonexperimental research, no manipulation occurs of the independent variables, which was the case in this empirical investigation. The quantitative dependent variable in this analysis was total license income received. In this causal-comparative study, the difference in the ability of the two types of research universities (i.e., universities that are willing to accept equity and universities that will not accept equity) to maximize total licensing revenue was analyzed. The disadvantages of using this design include limited control of extraneous variables and lack of manipulation of the independent variable (Creswell, 2009; Johnson & Christensen, 2012). 2.2. Participants For over 20 years, the AUTM (2012) has conducted their Yearly Licensing Activity Survey. Respondents have included public and private research universities, medical schools, and other research institutions. The AUTM's database, used to reach institutions that were believed to engage in commercialization of their intellectual property, includes approximately 350 institutions that, in the past, have responded to the survey. The database also includes institutions that currently employ or that previously have employed AUTM members. Specifically, the intent of the AUTM's Licensing Activity Survey Committee is that the survey be completed by one of the respondent institutions' Technology Transfer Office officers, intellectual property managers, or licensing professionals. The range of yearly participants who completed and returned the survey questionnaire was between 199 and 202 for the years covered in the study. 2.3. Instrumentation and procedures Statistical analysis was conducted using data provided by the AUTM. One of the AUTM's primary activities, for each of the last 23 years, has been to conduct their annual U.S. Licensing Activity Survey. The purpose of the survey was to quantify academic technology transfer data. In 2013, the survey was disseminated to 299 U.S. research institutions. Survey recipients included 232 colleges and universities, 61 research hospitals, three national laboratories, and three independent, technology related firms. Of the institutions contacted, 202 institutions returned the survey for a response rate of 68% (AUTM, 2014). The compilation of past survey responses is available in the AUTM's Statistics Access for Technology Transfer database (AUTM, 2015). The Statistics Access for Technology Transfer database was downloaded from the AUTM website into an Excel spreadsheet. The compiled survey data, in the Excel spreadsheet, were loaded into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences to calculate descriptive and inferential statistics.
برای دانلود رایگان مقاله اثر اقتصادی ناشی از پذیرش عدالت اینجا کلیک نمایید.
کلمات کلیدی:
Equity, Social Determinants and Public Health Programmes https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9241563974 Erik Blas, Anand Sivasankara Kurup, World Health Organization - 2010 - Health & Fitness ... clinic were reluctant to accept a biomedical explanation for their child's problems, ... which in turn can exacerbate the core symptoms of the disorder, resulting in a ... The economic ramifications of a diagnosis of ADHD can thus extend over the ... of social deprivation, again pointing to the importance of equity in this regard. Debt to equity conversions - Lexology www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=a959f687-dea4-4b7f-bfd4... Feb 21, 2012 - As a result of current economic conditions, many companies have been having ... restrictions and potential tax consequences of holding equity. The Journal of High Technology Management Research RG Impact ... https://www.researchgate.net/.../1047-8310_The_Journal_of_High_Technology_Man... Article: Identifying economic ramifications resulting from accepting equity vs. requiring traditional licensing payment methods · Richard A. Prets · John R. Slate. Understanding Equity Compensation and What it Means for Startup ... https://equityzen.com/blog/understanding-equity-compensation-for-startup-employees Jun 27, 2014 - Dissecting equity compensation for startup employees by looking at ... tax consequences for a startup employee (or founder, for that matter). Recent The Journal of High Technology Management Research ... https://www.journals.elsevier.com/the-journal-of-high-technology.../recent-articles Mar 7, 2017 - Identifying economic ramifications resulting from accepting equity vs. ... resulting from research universities' acceptance of equity positions in ... Searches related to ramifications resulting from accepting equity converting debt to equity tax implications conversion of equity to debt converting shareholder loan to equity debt to equity conversion tax consequences corporation converting debt to equity in a partnership converting debt to equity in an s corporation debt for equity exchange tax debt to equity conversion agreement
