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عنوان فارسی مقاله:
تاثیر، احساسات و تصمیم گیری
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله:
Affect, emotion, and decision making
سال انتشار : 2016
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بخشی از مقاله انگلیسی:
2. Incidental moods and discrete emotions and decision making
In reviewing the research on incidental affect and decision making, we first focus on articles pertaining to mood followed by consideration of the increasing body of work focusing on discrete emotions. Some research on incidental affect and decision making focuses on how affect influences decision making under risk. Wright and Bower (1992) found that happy participants thought that positive events were more likely and negative events were less likely (compared to a control condition) while sad participants thought that negative events were more likely and positive events less likely (compared to a control condition). Similarly, Nygren, Isen, Taylor, and Dulin (1996) found that participants in positive affective states were optimistic in that they tended to overestimate probabilities for winning relative to probabilities for losing while this was not the case for participants in a control condition. However, when gambling, positive affect participants exhibited caution in that they were less likely to gamble when losses were possible than were controls. They also found that positive affect participants bet less than controls when losses had the potential to be high (and loss probability was low) and bet more than controls when potential losses were low (and loss probability was average or high). Nygren et al. (1996) reason that positive affect may result in people focusing on outcomes (and especially losses) rather than probabilities. Rather than using the positive affect and negative affect dimensions of the affective circumplex, Mano (1994) explored the effects of pleasantness/unpleasantness and arousal on risk taking. He found that high levels of arousal resulted in participants paying less for insurance against potential losses and exhibiting high risk-seeking in terms of high willingness to pay for lotteries and low willingness to pay for insurance. He also found that the combination of high unpleasantness and high arousal led to increased willingness to pay for insurance for substantial losses and the combination of high pleasantness and low arousal resulted in increased willingness to pay for lotteries. Thus, arousal leads to risk-seeking, unpleasantness to willingness to protect from harm, and pleasantness to seeking gain. Mittal and Ross (1998) explored the role of positive and negative affect in strategic decision making. They found that participants in a positive mood were more inclined to view an ambiguous strategic issue as an opportunity and took lower risks than participants in a negative mood. When an issue was framed as a threat or an opportunity, issue framing had a stronger effect on issue interpretation and risk taking of participants in a negative mood than on participants in a positive mood. From a study of forty-four physician internists arriving at a diagnosis for a medical case, Estrada, Isen, and Young (1997) concluded that positive affect resulted in the internists integrating information sooner and being less prone to anchoring compared to a control condition although both groups arrived at a diagnosis at a similar time point. Adopting an information processing approach, Forgas and George (2001) discuss how mood-congruency effects and affective priming are by no means universal phenomena and more generally, how the influence of incidental moods on decision making are context-dependent. In particular, Forgas’ (1995) Affect Infusion Model proposes that the extent to which moods infuse decision making (and mood congruency effects) depend upon which information processing mode a decision maker is in. Direct access processing and motivated processing result in low levels of mood infusion and congruency effects whereas heuristic, and in particular substantive, processing result in high levels of affect infusion and congruency effects. Choice of information processing mode, in turn, depends upon individual variables, characteristics of the decision making task, and situational factors.
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کلمات کلیدی:
Emotion and Decision Making | Annual Review of Psychology www.annualreviews.org › Annual Review of Psychology › Volume 66, 2015 by JS Lerner - 2015 - Cited by 258 - Related articles Emotion and Decision Making ... different domains, important regularities appear in the mechanisms through which emotions influence judgments and choices. Like it Or Not, Emotions Will Drive the Decisions You Make Today ... https://www.psychologytoday.com/...emotions.../it-or-not-emotions-will-drive-the-dec... Dec 31, 2010 - Making good use of your emotional intelligence ... Recognizing how emotions affect your own motivational style can help you more consciously ... Searches related to Affect, emotion, and decision making explain the role that emotions play in decision-making how your emotions influence your decision making emotional decision making examples effect decision making logical vs emotional decision making emotion and decision making lerner emotional decision making in business list four steps of decision making that takes ‘emotional impact’ into account.
